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Civic Groups Urge Halt to South African Data Center Boom Amid Water and Power Concerns

Civic Groups Urge Halt to South African Data Center Boom Amid Water and Power Concerns

C2๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด โ†’ ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ English

September 5th, 2026

Civic Groups Urge Halt to South African Data Center Boom Amid Water and Power Concerns

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Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ English

Civil society organizations in South Africa are vehemently urging a complete moratorium on the construction of additional data centers within the nation's borders until a comprehensive inquiry into the utilization of its scarce water, land, and electricity resources has been conducted.

๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ํฌ์†Œํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ž์›, ํ† ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „๋ ฅ ์ž์›์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋™ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ†  ๋‚ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์„ ์ „๋ฉด ์ค‘๋‹จํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํžˆ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

As South Africa ascends to a pivotal data hub on the African continent, with American technology behemoths such as Amazon, Microsoft, and Equinix accelerating the deployment of digital infrastructure within its borders, civil society organizations are sounding the alarm, articulating profound disquiet over the conspicuous absence of transparency characterizing the operational modalities of these undertakings.

๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์ด ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ, Amazon, Microsoft, Equinix์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณ„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ๋™ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋“ค์˜ ์šด์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ ๊ฒฐ์—ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฝ์ข…์„ ์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

The South African Human Rights Commission, an independent quasi-judicial body vested with overarching oversight of the nation's human rights protections, has officially announced that, since formally inaugurating its public consultation process in May of this year, it has received in excess of 250 written submissions from pertinent institutions and stakeholders alike.

๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ธ๊ถŒ ์œ„์›ํšŒ(South African Human Rights Commission)๋Š”, ์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ฐ๋…์„ ์ด๊ด„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์  ์ค€์‚ฌ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ๊ธˆ๋…„ 5์›”์— ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๊ฒฌ ์ˆ˜๋ ด ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์‹œํ•œ ์ดํ›„ ์ด 250๊ฑด์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ฐ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์˜ ์„œ๋ฉด ์ œ์ถœ๋ฌผ์„ ์ ‘์ˆ˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

According to a statement by Cyril Ramaphosa, the President of the Republic of South Africa, the nation owns and operates 70% of the African continent's total data center capacity, and the government, perceiving this as a strategic opportunity within the global digital economic framework, is actively courting a greater number of technology enterprises to establish their digital infrastructure within its borders.

๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฆด ๋ผ๋งˆํฌ์‚ฌ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๋™ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ ์ด ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 70%๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ยท์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ฒด์ œ ๋‚ด ์ „๋žต์  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ์ž๊ตญ ๋‚ด ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์ธํ”„๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

However, as witnessed across the globeโ€”most notably in the United States, where the proliferation of data centers is particularly pronouncedโ€”their long-term environmental and societal ramifications are increasingly coming under more rigorous critical scrutiny.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ฆ์ด ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ์ง€์—์„œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ยท์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ ์ฐจ ๋” ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๊ฒ€ํ† ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

The committee remarked that the nation had witnessed a "remarkable proliferation" in the establishment of data centers, cloud infrastructure, and associated digital systems.

์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ๋ณธ๊ตญ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ, ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์— ์žˆ์–ด "๊ด„๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ์„ฑ์žฅ"์„ ๋ชฉ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

"At its core, the issues surfacing during the preliminary proceedings pertain to the availability, coherence, and transparency of information concerning matters such as electricity and water demand, land utilization, infrastructural requisites, environmental ramifications, and the cascading effects on proximate communities," remarked Dr. Eileen Carter, who presides over the committee's preliminary proceedings.

"ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์Ÿ์ ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์šฉ์ˆ˜ ์ˆ˜์š”, ํ† ์ง€ ์ด์šฉ, ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์š”๊ตฌ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ทผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ, ์ •ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค,"๋ผ๊ณ  ์œ„์›ํšŒ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์žฌํ•˜๋Š” Eileen Carter ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Among the municipal permits for data centers that have recently provoked widespread opposition across multiple fronts is Equinix's hyperscale facility slated for construction in Cape Town.

์ตœ๊ทผ ๋‹ค๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ€์ดํ”„ํƒ€์šด์— ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๋  Equinix์˜ ํ•˜์ดํผ์Šค์ผ€์ผ ์‹œ์„ค์ด๋‹ค.

Cape Town is a city that, in 2018, narrowly averted the so-called "Day Zero" when faced with predictions that its taps would run completely dry due to water scarcity.

์ผ€์ดํ”„ํƒ€์šด์€ 2018๋…„, ๋ฌผ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋„๊ผญ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ์œ„ "์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ด"๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„์‹ ํžˆ ๋ชจ๋ฉดํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์ด๋‹ค.

The retrospective on the widespread blackouts, recently euphemized in this nation as "load shedding," has likewise engendered grave apprehensions regarding the provision of the 160 megawatts of power deemed indispensable to the facility's operations.

์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ทผ "๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ฐจ๋‹จ"์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์นญ๋œ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ „ ์‚ฌํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ณ ๋Š”, ์‹œ์„ค ์šด์˜์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋Š” 160๋ฉ”๊ฐ€์™€ํŠธ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

South Africa appears to have successfully surmounted its electricity crisis.

๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์€ ์ „๋ ฅ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•œ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.

Although the state-owned power utility Eskom has reported a surplus of electricity during the peak winter demand season, civil society organizations have voiced grave apprehensions regarding the allocation of this surplus to data centers.

๊ตญ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…์ธ Eskom์€ ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ˆ˜์š” ์‹œ์ฆŒ ๋™์•ˆ ์ „๋ ฅ ์ž‰์—ฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ž‰์—ฌ ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Certain experts contend that the request for a temporary moratorium on further approvals ought not to be misconstrued as a repudiation of prospective foreign investment, but rather should be regarded as an institutional mechanism designed to establish unequivocal norms pertaining to transparency, in particular.

์ผ๋ถ€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ์‹œ์  ์ค‘๋‹จ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์ž ์žฌ์  ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ํˆฌ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๋กœ ์˜ค์ธ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์„ ์ •๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ๋„์  ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ญ์„คํ•œ๋‹ค.

"Serious investors are not deterred by clear rules.

"์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ขŒ์ ˆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

They price uncertainty, and an unregulated boom is the most uncertain environment of all," remarked Pitso Tsibolane, a senior lecturer in information systems at the University of Cape Town.

๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์— ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทœ์ œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ผ€์ดํ”„ํƒ€์šด ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ •๋ณด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ ์ž„ ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์ธ Pitso Tsibolane์ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

He pointed out that one of the central issues is the absence of any obligation for operators to disclose their water, electricity, or land usage, or the scale of commitments made under binding terms, with the upshot that every proposal is assessed devoid of any quantitative foundation.

๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์Ÿ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜์ž๋“ค์ด ์šฉ์ˆ˜, ์ „๋ ฅ, ํ† ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์˜ ์•ฝ์ • ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์‹œํ•  ์˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์—ฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ์—†์ด ํ‰๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

The management issued a cautionary note against drawing direct comparisons between data centers slated for construction in South Africa and their large-scale counterparts in the United States.

์šด์˜์ง„์€ ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์— ์กฐ์„ฑ๋  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ์™€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

This admonition stems from the fact that water resources, land acquisition, and power requirements in the United States reach markedly elevated magnitudes.

๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜์ž์›, ๋ถ€์ง€ ํ™•๋ณด, ์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ์š”๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

They point out that Eskom currently holds a surplus of electricity, and that most data centers are progressively deepening their reliance on renewable energy sources.

๊ทธ๋“ค์€ Eskom์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „๋ ฅ ์ž‰์—ฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ฐจ ์žฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ์‹ฌํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

"It must be unequivocally established that the surge in energy demand attributable to data centres in no way contributes to South Africa's electricity shortfall, nor does this escalation in demand operate as a direct catalyst for tariff hikes," contended Sasha Booth-Beharilal, chairperson of the Internet Service Providers' Association.

"๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์š”์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ ๋ถ€์กฑ ํ˜„์ƒ์— ์ผ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š” ์ฆ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ธฐ ์š”๊ธˆ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ง์ ‘์  ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ทœ๋ช…๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต์ž ํ˜‘ํšŒ ์˜์žฅ์ธ Sasha Booth-Beharilal์ด ์—ญ์„คํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Local data centres have adopted pioneering technologies to curtail water consumption, a figure that falls considerably short of the global average.

ํ˜„์ง€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋ฌผ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ํ‰๊ท ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ฐ‘๋„๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋‹ค.

This institution serves as the overarching representative body for cutting-edge technology enterprises engaged in commercial operations within the sector, as well as for entities operating data centers domestically.

๋ณธ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์‚ฐ์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ƒ์—…์  ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ „๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๊ด„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

September 5th, 2026

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