The surge in diesel prices has driven up the transportation costs of numerous everyday goods, given that diesel is so widely used across freight and delivery networks.
柴油价格的攀升,致使诸多日常商品的运输成本随之水涨船高,盖因柴油在货运与配送网络中被广泛使用。
Some businesses have already passed these escalating costs on to consumers by levying surcharges on online orders and mailed parcels.
部分企业已然通过针对在线订单及邮寄包裹征收附加费的方式,将攀升的成本转嫁至消费者身上。
Consumers are likely to feel the sting of price shocks with growing acuteness, most conspicuously so in the grocery aisles.
消费者或将日益感受到价格冲击的切肤之痛,于杂货货架前尤为显著。
Perishable goods such as meat and produce, which necessitate frequent transportation and restocking—or else depend on diesel-powered agricultural machinery for their harvest—bear the brunt of one of the most direct pressures exerted by costly diesel.
肉类与农产品等易腐食品,因需频繁运输与补货——抑或依赖以柴油驱动的农业机械进行收割——首当其冲地承受着昂贵柴油所带来的最为直接的压力之一。
Retail prices for diesel and regular gasoline — which, as of Friday, had pushed the U.S. average for regular unleaded to nearly $4.30 — track the movements of crude oil prices almost in lockstep.
柴油与普通汽油的零售价格——截至周五,美国普通汽油均价已逼近4.30美元——与原油价格走势如影随形。
And in recent weeks, oil prices have regained their upward momentum.
而近段时间以来,油价重拾升势。
This week, as military confrontation between the United States and Iran escalated once again, both international benchmark Brent crude and U.S. crude broke through $100 a barrel, a sight not seen in months.
本周,伴随美国与伊朗之间的军事对抗再度升级,国际基准布伦特原油与美国原油双双突破每桶100美元,为数月来所仅见。
Meanwhile, the political repercussions are likely to keep mounting.
与此同时,政治层面的影响或将持续累积。
President Donald Trump, who has repeatedly sought to play down the impact of the war he helped instigate, has said that oil prices are unlikely to come down until after the November midterm elections are settled.
曾屡次试图淡化其共同策动的那场战争所造成影响的总统唐纳德·特朗普表示,油价恐怕要等到11月中期选举尘埃落定之后才会回落。
At present, diesel prices in the United States have soared by more than 60% compared with late February — that is, before the United States and Israel launched strikes on Iran — when AAA data showed a national average of about $3.76 per gallon.
目前,美国柴油价格较2月底——亦即美国与以色列对伊朗发动袭击之前——已飙升逾60%,彼时AAA数据显示全国均价约为每加仑3.76美元。
As disruptions to supply chains in the Middle East drove up the cost of crude oil — the principal raw material for refined fuels such as diesel and gasoline — and as most tanker traffic was impeded in the crucial Strait of Hormuz, oil prices accordingly climbed rapidly.
随着中东供应链中断致使原油——柴油与汽油等精炼燃料的主要原料——成本急剧攀升,加之大多数油轮运输在关键的霍尔木兹海峡受阻,油价遂迅速上扬。
Although a glimmer of peace had briefly emerged earlier in the summer, oil prices have now resumed their upward trajectory as hostilities have reignited and escalated once more.
尽管夏季早些时候曾一度浮现些许和平的曙光,然而随着战事重燃并再度升级,油价如今已重拾升势。
Further supply disruptions are steadily accumulating.
更多的供应中断正不断累积。
The International Energy Agency reported on Friday that Saudi Arabia's oil output last month plummeted to its lowest level in three decades, following attacks by the Houthis on its energy infrastructure.
国际能源署于周五报告称,由于胡塞武装对其能源设施发动袭击,沙特上月的石油产量已跌至三十年来的最低点。
On Friday, the International Energy Agency further indicated that the losses in the Middle East have been increasingly exacerbated by the war in Ukraine.
国际能源署于周五进一步指明,中东方面的损失因乌克兰战争而愈形加剧。
Ukraine's ferocious attacks have disrupted Russia's refining system, bringing refined product exports to a near standstill.
乌克兰的猛烈袭击致使俄罗斯炼油体系陷入中断,成品油出口几近停滞。
Once adjusted for inflation, fuel prices have, on previous occasions, reached considerably loftier levels.
经通胀调整后,燃料价格在过往曾处于更高水平。
Take the government's most recent data, for instance: in the run-up to the 2008 financial crisis, the price of diesel climbed to roughly $4.74 a gallon, a figure that, when converted into 2026 dollars, equates to $7.20.
以政府最新数据为例,2008年金融危机爆发前,柴油价格曾攀升至约每加仑4.74美元,折算至2026年相当于7.20美元。
By contrast, the record of nearly $5.82 set in the months following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022 works out, once adjusted for inflation, to approximately $6.56 this year.
而2022年俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后数月内所创下的近5.82美元纪录,经通胀调整后,于今年约为6.56美元。
For decades, diesel prices in the United States have consistently surpassed those of gasoline, and their rate of increase had previously been even more precipitous.
数十载以来,美国柴油价格始终凌驾于汽油之上,且其攀升速率此前更为迅猛。
This phenomenon stems in part from the relative inelasticity of demand for diesel, as well as from the distinctive position it occupies within the architecture of global trade.
此现象部分缘于柴油需求弹性相对匮乏,以及其在全球贸易格局中所占据的独特地位。
For instance, when gasoline prices are exorbitant, individual households may curtail their driving, yet the network of global freight transport that relies on diesel propulsion can scarcely be said to possess any direct substitute.
譬如,当汽油价格高企之际,个别家庭或可削减驾车出行,然而,仰赖柴油驱动全球货物运输的网络体系,却几乎无从觅得直接的替代方案。
According to the Independent Grocers Alliance—a coalition encompassing 7,500 supermarkets worldwide—fuel accounts for roughly 15% to 30% of the total cost of food.
据独立杂货商联盟——该联盟旗下囊括7500家全球超市——所述,燃料在食品总成本中占比约15%至30%。
Consequently, rising diesel costs invariably drive up grocery prices, though the transmission of energy shocks through the supply chain may take time to materialise.
职是之故,柴油成本攀升每每引致杂货价格上扬,惟能源冲击向供应链的传导或需假以时日。
David Ortega, a professor of food economics and policy at Michigan State University, points out that goods requiring refrigeration during transportation are typically the first to see their prices rise.
密歇根州立大学食品经济学与政策教授大卫·奥尔特加指出,那些在运输过程中需经冷藏处理的物品,其价格往往首当其冲地上扬。
Take July as an example: overall US grocery prices climbed 2.7% year on year, while seafood prices surged 7%, and fresh fruit prices also rose 4.9%.
以7月份为例,美国整体食品杂货价格同比攀升2.7%,而海鲜价格则骤增7%,新鲜水果价格亦上涨4.9%。
Altojax explained last week: "Initially, the bulk of the cost escalation was absorbed within the supply chain through existing freight contracts and retailers' profit margins.
奥尔特加上周阐释道:“初期,大部分成本攀升经由既有货运合同与零售商利润率于供应链内部得以消化。
However, as contracts are repriced and fuel surcharges successively take effect, an ever-growing share of these costs is bound to be passed through to the grocery retail end point."
然而,随着合同重新定价及燃油附加费相继生效,愈发增多的成本势将传导至杂货零售终端。”
As early as April, the e-commerce behemoth Amazon had already imposed a temporary 3.5% fuel and logistics surcharge on certain third-party sellers.
早在4月,电子商务巨擘亚马逊便已针对部分第三方卖家开征3.5%的临时性燃油及物流附加费。
UPS, FedEx, and the United States Postal Service likewise took successive measures at the outbreak of the conflict, levying additional charges on certain parcel shipments, citing rising overall fuel costs as their justification.
联合包裹、联邦快递与美国邮政总局亦于战事肇端之际相继采取举措,对部分包裹运输加收费用,所援引之由为整体燃料成本攀升。
Experts caution that the longer diesel prices remain stubbornly high, the steeper their increase is likely to become.
专家警示,柴油价格持续居高不下的时间愈长,其涨幅便可能愈大。
A whole array of other goods—clothing, cosmetics, and furniture, among them—are likewise transported through diesel-powered networks.
服装、化妆品及家具等一系列其他产品,亦经由柴油动力网络予以运输。
The ramifications extend far beyond the realm of consumer goods.
其波及范畴远非囿于消费品领域。
A number of public buses and trains likewise rely on diesel as their source of motive power.
若干公共巴士与列车亦以柴油为动力来源。
Diesel generator sets customarily serve in a backup or emergency power capacity, and in certain remote areas they even constitute the primary source of electricity supply.
柴油发电机组通常充当备用或应急电力之角色,在某些偏远地区,其甚至构成主要电力供给。
According to the latest statistics from Global Petrol Prices, since the end of February, diesel prices in Nigeria have surged by more than 90%, with Indonesia following closely behind at an increase of nearly 87%, while Lebanon's have risen by 80%.
根据Global Petrol Prices的最新统计数据,自2月底以降,尼日利亚柴油价格涨幅逾90%,印度尼西亚以近87%的涨幅紧随其后,黎巴嫩则达80%。
Constrained by a multitude of factors, ranging from fuel taxes to local economic conditions, prices across countries have exhibited a markedly divergent trajectory.
受燃油税、地方经济状况等诸多因素掣肘,各国价格呈现出显著的分化态势。
As of Monday, the average price of diesel in Nigeria stood at approximately $4.95 per gallon (equivalent to 1,730 naira per litre).
截至周一,尼日利亚柴油均价约为每加仑4.95美元(合每升1730奈拉)。
By contrast, according to Global Petrol Prices, the highest price was recorded in Hong Kong, where diesel costs surged by nearly 26% during the conflict, reaching an average of $17.78 per gallon on Monday (equivalent to nearly HK$37 per litre).
与之形成对照的是,据Global Petrol Prices报告,价格峰值出现在香港——战事期间当地柴油成本攀升近26%,周一均价达每加仑17.78美元(合每升近37港元)。
Jim Burkhard, Vice President at S&P Global Energy and Head of Global Crude Oil Research, stated: "Far from returning to calm, the market will instead adapt to this new normal."
标普全球能源副总裁兼全球原油研究主管吉姆·伯克哈德表示:“市场非但不会重归平静,反而将适应这一新常态。”
He pointed out that security and logistical challenges continue to constrain the flow of oil.
他指出,安全与物流方面的挑战持续制约着石油的流通。