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The Federal Reserve raised interest rates for the first time in three years, disregarding Trump's demand for a rate cut.

The Federal Reserve raised interest rates for the first time in three years, disregarding Trump's demand for a rate cut.

C2🇨🇳 中文🇺🇸 English

September 17th, 2026

The Federal Reserve raised interest rates for the first time in three years, disregarding Trump's demand for a rate cut.

C2
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

On Wednesday, the Federal Reserve carried out its first benchmark rate increase since 2023, aiming to curb stubbornly elevated inflation while signaling that it may raise rates again later this year.

美联储于周三实施了自2023年以来的首次基准利率上调,旨在遏制顽固高企的通胀,同时释放出今年晚些时候或再度加息的信号。

The 25-basis-point increase lifted the Fed's key rate to roughly 3.9%, a move that could, over time, drive up borrowing costs on mortgages, auto loans, and credit cards.

此次加息25个基点将美联储关键利率推升至约3.9%假以时日或致抵押贷款汽车贷款及信用卡的借贷成本攀升

In its quarterly projections, the Fed also signaled that its rate-setting committee might raise rates once more, to 4.1%.

在季度预测中美联储亦暗示其利率制定委员会可能再度加息至4.1%

This move comes at a time when Americans are already grappling with the steep costs of groceries, gasoline, and housing.

此举出台之际美国民众已然食品杂货汽油与住房的高昂成本中苦苦挣扎。

With just seven weeks to go until the midterm elections, affordability has surged to the top of the electoral agenda.

距中期选举仅余七周可负担性已然跃居选举议题之首

This introduces yet another potentially rather thorny economic variable for the Republican Party and President Donald Trump.

这为共和党以及总统唐纳德·特朗普平添了又一个潜在而言颇为棘手经济变量

On Wednesday, Trump launched a fierce attack on the decision, accusing the Fed's top policymaker of seeking to inflict political damage on him.

特朗普于周三对这一决定予以猛烈抨击指责美联储最高政策制定者企图在政治上对其加以伤害。

Kevin Warsh, the Federal Reserve chair nominated by Trump, emphasized after the statement's release that the economy had shown signs of acceleration since the central bank decided to hold interest rates steady at the end of July.

由特朗普提名美联储主席凯文·沃什在声明发布后着重指出自央行于7月底决定维持利率不变以来,经济已呈现出加速的迹象

Inflation, too, has stubbornly hovered above the Federal Reserve's 2% target, and on that basis he remarked that there was scant indication inflation was cooling.

通胀始终顽固地徘徊于美联储2%目标之上,他据此表示几乎没有迹象表明通胀正在降温

"The incontrovertible reality is that inflation is already too high, and it has remained elevated for far too long," Warsh remarked.

无可辩驳的现实通胀已然过高高企之势迁延过久,”沃什如是说

"We must be certain that underlying inflation is converging toward our established target in an unmistakable and sufficiently rapid manner.

我们务须确信基础通胀以明确无误且足够迅疾的态势向我们既定的目标收敛

Today, the Federal Open Market Committee has judged that this criterion has not yet been met," he went on to add, referring to the Federal Reserve's policy-making bodythe Federal Open Market Committee.

今日联邦公开市场委员会判定该标准尚未得到满足,”他继而补充道所指者乃美联储之政策制定机构——联邦公开市场委员会。

Preston Caldwell, chief US economist at Morningstar, said: "Warsh's hawkish inflation remarks at the post-meeting press conference suggest that he may push for higher interest rates at future meetings."

晨星公司首席美国经济学家普雷斯顿·考德威尔表示:“沃什于会后新闻发布会上所发表的强硬通胀言论,暗示其或将于未来会议上力主推高利率。”

Warsh further observed that the renewed outbreak of conflict between the United States and Iran had driven up gasoline prices, and that it was precisely this development that persuaded Federal Reserve officials to endorse a rate hike.

沃什还表示,美国与伊朗之间冲突的再度爆发推高了汽油价格,而正是这一事态说服了美联储官员支持加息。

"Every scorched theatre of conflict across the globe lies utterly exposed," he declared.

“寰宇诸地之纷争焦土,皆无所遁形,”他如是说。

Speaking to reporters on the eve of a midterm election campaign rally in North Carolina, Trump made no mention of the influence he had exerted over the decision, instead portraying the historically independent Federal Reserve as just another political actor in Washington.

特朗普在北卡罗来纳州一场中期选举竞选集会前夕向记者发表讲话时,对自己在这一决策中所施加的影响只字未提,反而将历来独立的美联储刻画为华盛顿的又一政治行为体。

"This committee is deeply hostile, highly politicized, and everything it does is wrongit is nothing but a bunch of politicians," he said, adding, "They raised rates in order to make Trump look as bad as possible."

“该委员会怀有强烈的敌意,高度政治化,其所作所为皆属谬误,无非是一群政客,”他说道,并补充道,“他们之所以加息,是为了让特朗普尽可能表现得糟糕。”

Warsh pointed out that other central banks likewise raised interest rates in response to global turmoil and rising gasoline prices.

沃什指出其他央行全球动荡汽油价格上涨而加息

The European Central Bank raised its key interest rate last week, and the Bank of Japan is expected to follow suit on September 18.

欧洲央行于上周上调关键利率日本央行预计将于9月18日跟进

The Federal Reserve's next monetary policy meeting, scheduled for late October, coincides with the week before the midterm elections, and most economists accordingly anticipate that officials will hold steady and leave interest rates unchanged at that juncture.

美联储定于10月底召开的下一轮议息会议恰逢中期选举前一周多数经济学家据此预判官员们届时按兵不动维持利率不变

However, judging from the expectations reflected in futures prices, Wall Street analysts now widely believe that a December rate hike is all but a foregone conclusion.

然而期货价格所反映的预期来看华尔街分析师如今普遍认为12月加息近乎板上钉钉

Similarly, late on Wednesday, the yield on 2-year US Treasury notes climbed from 4.67% to 4.74%, yet another indication that investors are betting the Federal Reserve may raise interest rates further.

同样在周三晚些时候2年期美国国债收益率自4.67%攀升至4.74%此举投资者押注美联储或将进一步加息的又一佐证。

However, should inflation genuinely show signs of cooling in the coming months, the situation could take a turn for the better.

然而倘若未来数月通胀确乎显露降温端倪,则局势或有转圜

Since taking the helm of the Federal Reserve in May, Warsh has consistently asserted that the Fed is unswervingly committed to reining in inflation, and that policymakers will rely on the data to determine whether inflation is moving in the right direction.

自5月执掌美联储以来,沃什始终宣称美联储矢志不渝地致力于遏制通胀,而政策制定者将依据数据研判通胀是否朝着正确方向演进。

This rate hike marks a shift in Warsh's stance.

此次加息标志着沃什立场的转向。

When he was still under consideration by Trump last year, he repeatedly hinted that the Fed had room to lower its key interest rate, echoing the president's calls to bring down borrowing costs.

去年尚在特朗普的考量之列时,他屡屡暗示美联储具备下调关键利率的空间,与总统呼吁压低借贷成本的立场遥相呼应。

In April, as Warsh's nomination came under consideration before the Senate Banking Committee, Trump candidly admitted in a televised interview that he would inevitably be deeply disappointed if Warsh failed to cut interest rates.

4月当沃什的提名在参议院银行委员会接受审议之际特朗普在一档电视采访中坦言倘若沃什不降息他势必会深感失望

On that very same day, however, Warsh stated unequivocally to the committee that he had never made any commitment to Trump to lower rates, and declared that, as Federal Reserve Chair, he would "act independently."

然而就在同一天沃什向该委员会明确表示他从未向特朗普作出降息的承诺并宣称身为美联储主席他将独立行事”。

Trump asserted in North Carolina that he had had a conversation with Warsh prior to the vote, during which he advised him: "You might as well vote with the committee, because it really makes no difference."

特朗普于北卡罗来纳州宣称曾在投票前与沃什有过一番交谈并向他进言:“你不妨与委员会一同投票因为这实在无关紧要。”

The persistent disruptions triggered by the conflict in Iran have driven the average gasoline price up by more than 7% compared with a month earlier, and the threat is spreading throughout the entire economic system, keeping overall inflation stubbornly elevated.

伊朗战事所引发的持续性扰动已将平均汽油价格较一个月前抬升逾7%其威胁正向整个经济体系蔓延致使整体通胀顽固地居高不下

The inflation report released last week showed that core prices in Augustexcluding food and energyaccelerated slightly.

上周公布的通胀报告显示8月核心价格剔除食品与能源略有加速

Measured by the gauge on which the Federal Reserve relies, inflation climbed to 3.7% year on year in July, markedly higher than the 2.3% recorded in April 2025a time when Trump had yet to unveil sweeping tariffs.

以美联储所倚重的指标衡量7月通胀同比攀升至3.7%较2025年4月的2.3%显著走高——彼时特朗普尚未揭橥全面关税

Core inflationwhich strips out volatile categories such as food and energycame in at 3.3% in July (the latest available figure), exceeding both the 3% recorded before the outbreak of the Iran war and, by a wide margin, the target set by the Federal Reserve.

核心通胀剔除食品与能源等波动性较大的类别7月录得3.3%系最新可得数据),既高于伊朗战争爆发前的3%亦远超美联储所设定的目标

The Federal Reserve's policymakers unanimously endorsed this rate hike; yet when the central bank held rates steady at the end of July, three officials had dissented, advocating for an increase.

美联储政策制定者一致拥护此次加息7月底央行按兵不动之际曾有三位官员持异议主张加息

Among the 18 Fed policymakers who submitted growth and interest-rate projections, 16 anticipated at least one more rate hike this year, with four of them favoring two additional increases.

提交增长与利率预测18位美联储政策制定者中,16位预计今年至少还将加息一次其中4位则支持再加息两次

Earlier on Wednesday, the government disclosed that retail sales climbed 1.2 percent in August from the previous month, a sign that consumer spending remains at a solid level even as sentiment surveys indicate that Americans continue to harbor a pessimistic outlook on the economic prospects.

周三早些时候政府披露8月零售额环比攀升1.2%此迹象表明纵然情绪调查显示美国民众对经济前景仍持悲观态度消费者支出依旧维系于稳健水平

The robust momentum in spending suggests that the current level of interest rates may not necessarily be acting as a drag on the economy, nor does it appear to be delivering the anticipated effect in curbing inflation.

支出的强劲态势昭示当前利率水准未必构成对经济的掣肘亦未见得在抑制通胀方面发挥预期效力

"Although uncertainty remains elevated owing to a host of factors, including geopolitical developments, domestic spending has continued to demonstrate resilience," the Fed remarkeda formulation that may well allude to persistently robust consumer spending as well as the vigorous investment by large technology firms in artificial-intelligence data centres.

尽管缘于地缘政治发展等诸多因素不确定性依旧居高不下国内支出仍展现出韧性,”美联储表示此番表述或系指向持续不衰的消费者支出以及大型科技企业对人工智能数据中心所进行的强劲投资

The upsurge in inflation is by no means attributable solely to gasoline prices.

通胀攀升绝非仅由汽油价格所致。

Sustained investment in artificial intelligence has driven up the prices of computer chips and other electronic devices, thereby exacerbating the overall inflationary trend.

对人工智能的持续投入抬升了计算机芯片及其他电子设备价格从而加剧了整体通胀态势

Tariffs may still be inflating certain costs, as exemplified by household appliances, whose prices surged last month.

关税或仍在推高部分成本例如上月价格骤涨的家用电器

Trump once excoriated Jerome Powell, Warsh's predecessor, castigating him for failing to cut interest rates with sufficient alacrity.

特朗普沃什的前任杰罗姆·鲍威尔大加挞伐斥其降息步伐不够迅捷。

His Justice Department even initiated a criminal investigation into Powell on the basis of the brief testimony he had submitted to Congress the previous year, although that investigation was ultimately dropped.

其司法部甚至鲍威尔去年向国会提交的简短证词为由,对其启动刑事调查,尽管该调查最终遭到撤销。

When asked on Wednesday how the president might respond to a rate hike, Warsh replied, "I have nothing to say about discussions with the president."

当周三被询及总统或将如何因应加息之举时,沃什回应道:“就与总统之间的讨论,我无可奉告。”

On Sunday, Kevin Hassett, Trump's top economic adviser, was asked during an interview with Fox News how Trump might respond to an interest rate hike.

周日,特朗普的最高经济顾问凯文·哈塞特于接受福克斯新闻采访时,被问及特朗普或将如何回应加息一事。

"I am convinced he will not be especially pleased about it, but he will be the first to defend Kevin Warsh's independence," Hassett said.

“我笃信他对此不会格外欣悦,但他定会率先捍卫凯文·沃什的独立性,”哈塞特如是说。

Warsh may enjoy a certain degree of protection, owing to the friendship between his father-in-law, Ronald Lauder, and Trump, as well as the latter's status as a billionaire donor to his election campaign.

沃什或许能获得一定程度的庇护,这得益于其岳父罗纳德·劳德与特朗普的交谊,以及后者作为其竞选活动亿万富翁捐助者的身份。

Yet, notwithstanding the president's thinly veiled criticism, he continued to insist that he wanted Warsh to "remain independent."

然而尽管总统颇有微词,他坚称自己希望沃什保持独立”。

When asked point-blank whether he still had confidence in Warsh, Trump replied, "I do."

被直截了当地问及是否对沃什仍抱有信心时,特朗普答道:“我有。”

In light of the absence of the illustrative sentences provided, and given that the sentences to be adapted have likewise not been appended, I respectfully request that the source text be supplied, so that it may be rewritten in accordance with C2-level standards.

鉴于所提供之例句付诸阙如,且待改编之语句亦未附上,谨请补充源文本,以便依C2级标准予以改写。

This dispatch is filed by Bill Barrow, our correspondent stationed in Atlanta.

本报驻亚特兰大特派记者比尔·巴罗发回报道。

September 17th, 2026

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