Later this month, the Supreme Court is expected to decide whether to hear a lobster fisherman's challenge to the government's requirement that vessels be equipped with electronic tracking devices.
最高法院拟于本月晚些时候裁定是否受理一名龙虾渔民对政府强制船只配备电子追踪设备之举措所提出的异议。
The case could have far-reaching implications for the American commercial fishing industry.
此案或将对美国商业捕鱼业产生深远影响。
Frank Thompson, a Maine lobster fisherman, has filed a federal lawsuit against the head of his state's Department of Marine Resources, contesting a regulation that compels him to install a GPS tracker aboard his vessel on pain of losing his fishing license.
缅因州龙虾渔民弗兰克·汤普森已对其所在州海洋资源部门负责人提起联邦诉讼,就一项强制要求其在船上加装GPS追踪器、否则将丧失捕鱼执照的规章提出质疑。
Thompson contended that such monitoring measures constituted an unreasonable search and seizure, yet his claim was rejected by a federal appellate court last year.
汤普森主张,此类监控举措构成了不合理的搜查与扣押,然其诉求于去年遭联邦上诉法院驳回。
Subsequently, he appealed to the Supreme Court, which is scheduled to review this contention on September 28.
嗣后,他上诉至最高法院,该院定于9月28日就此项主张予以审查。
Thompson's lead attorney, Matt Gilliam, pointed out: "The issue raised by this petition is whether Maine has the authority to compel lobster fishermen to carry government GPS trackers on their private vessels, even when they are not engaged in work.
汤普森的首席律师马特·吉利姆指出:“该申请所引发的争点在于,缅因州是否有权强制龙虾渔民在私人船只上携带政府GPS追踪器,即便其并非处于工作状态亦然。
We hope the Court will take up this case and rule on this critically important Fourth Amendment question."
我们期盼法院能够受理此案,并就这一至关重要的第四修正案问题作出裁断。”
A great many American commercial fishermen are subjected to a dual system of surveillance at sea — human observers and electronic devices — the purpose of which is to gather data that regulators describe as indispensable to sustaining the industry and to ensuring the sustainability and health of fish stocks.
众多美国商业渔民在海上受到人工观察员与电子设备的双重监控,其目的在于采集监管机构所称对维系产业存续及鱼类种群可持续性与健康不可或缺的数据。
For years, fishing groups have repeatedly resorted to legal action in an effort to curtail monitoring requirements, with mixed results.
多年来,渔业团体屡借司法途径力图削减监控要求,成效参差。
Authorities maintain that the lobster boat monitoring program is crucial to deepening understanding of this prized crustacean's population, given that its numbers in the New England region appear to be on the decline.
当局表示,龙虾船监控项目对于深化对此一珍贵甲壳类动物种群的认知至关重要,因其在新英格兰地区的数量似呈递减之势。
A spokesperson for the Maine Department of Marine Resources declined to comment on Monday.
缅因州海洋资源部发言人于周一拒绝置评。
Carl Wilson, the department's commissioner, said last year that data from lobster boats was indispensable for "mitigating the economic harm to the industry" and for providing a basis for regulations.
该部门专员卡尔·威尔逊去年曾表示,龙虾船的数据对于“减轻该产业的经济损害”以及为法规提供依据而言,具有不可或缺的重要意义。
Erica Fuller, a senior attorney at the Conservation Law Foundation, pointed out: "The effort to overturn the federal appeals court's ruling cannot ultimately shake the fact that New England's lobster population has already declined, and that fisheries managers urgently need reliable and detailed data in order to grapple with the intricate and multifaceted challenges confronting our oceans."
保护法基金会高级顾问埃丽卡·富勒指出:“力图推翻联邦上诉法院裁决之举,终究无法撼动这样一个事实:新英格兰的龙虾种群已然衰减,而渔业管理者亟需可靠且详尽的数据,以应对我们的海洋所面临的错综复杂的难题。”
The American lobster industry is heavily concentrated in Maine, where fishermen landed more than 78 million pounds (35.4 million kilograms) of the crustacean last year.
美国龙虾产业高度集中于缅因州,该州渔民于去年捕获了逾7800万磅(合3540万公斤)的这一甲壳类物种。
That catch is roughly on par with the industry's typical annual levels during the 2000s, yet it represents a marked contraction from a decade earlier, when annual landings routinely exceeded 120 million pounds (54.4 million kilograms).
此一渔获量与该产业在2000年代的年均典型水平大致相当,却较之十年前出现了显著萎缩——彼时年捕获量通常逾1.2亿磅(合5440万公斤)。