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US Retailers' Adoption of AI-Assisted Pricing Tools Fuels Consumer Anxiety

US Retailers' Adoption of AI-Assisted Pricing Tools Fuels Consumer Anxiety

C2🇯🇵 日本語 → 🇺🇞 English

October 19th, 2026

US Retailers' Adoption of AI-Assisted Pricing Tools Fuels Consumer Anxiety

C2
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇞 English

American consumers are not merely dissatisfied with high prices; they are growing increasingly angry and bewildered by the ever more sophisticated methods that restaurant chains and major retailers employ to set their prices.

アメリカの消費者は、単に高䟡栌に䞍満を抱いおいるにずどたらず、レストランチェヌンや倧手小売業者が䟡栌を蚭定する手法がたすたす高床化しおいるこずに察し、怒りず圓惑を募らせおいるのである。

In the aisles of grocery stores, paper price tags are rapidly being supplanted by digital ones.

食料品店の通路においおは、玙の倀札が急速にデゞタル倀札ぞず取っお代わられ぀぀ある。

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are helping companies set prices by predicting how customers will respond.

人工知胜AIツヌルは、顧客がいかに反応するかを予枬するこずにより、䌁業が䟡栌を決定するのを支揎しおいる。

Terms such as "dynamic pricing" and "surveillance pricing" are stirring anxiety on social media, leading users to suspect that different people are being offered different prices for the very same product.

「ダむナミックプラむシング」や「監芖䟡栌蚭定」ずいった甚語が゜ヌシャルメディア䞊で䞍安をかき立おおおり、ナヌザヌは同䞀の商品に察し異なる人々が異なる䟡栌を提瀺されおいるのではないかずの疑念を抱くに至っおいる。

Although Americans are well accustomed to price fluctuations when booking airline tickets, hotel rooms, and ride-shares, they cannot help but feel exasperated by the fact that their everyday spending may be dictated by inscrutable algorithms and personal data they may not even realize they have shared.

アメリカ人は航空刞やホテルの客宀、配車を予玄する際の䟡栌倉動には慣れ芪しんでいるものの、理解し難いアルゎリズムや、共有しおいるこずに気づいおいないかもしれない個人デヌタによっお日垞の支出が巊右され埗るずいう事実には、いら立ちを芚えずにはいられない。

"At present, a significant tension is emerging over the use of these algorithms, bots, and AI: namely, who truly holds the power.

「珟圚、これらのアルゎリズムやボット、AIの掻甚をめぐっお、真に暩力を握るのは誰なのかずいう重倧な緊匵関係が生じおいる。

Is it the companies, or is it the shoppers?" said Katie Thomas, who leads the in-house consumer behavior think tank at the management consulting firm Kearney.

䌁業か、それずも買い物客か」ず、経営コンサルティング䌚瀟カヌニヌの瀟内消費者行動シンクタンクを率いるケむティ・トヌマス氏は述べた。

According to companies that have adopted this technology, some of the concerns reportedly stem from misconceptions about how their pricing tools work.

この技術を採甚しおいる䌁業によれば、懞念の䞀郚は自瀟の䟡栌蚭定ツヌルの仕組みに関する誀解に端を発するものであるずいう。

In a blog post last month, Walmart CEO John Furner stated that digital price tags save employees time and keep prices up to date.

りォルマヌトのCEO、ゞョン・ファヌナヌ氏は先月のブログ投皿で、デゞタル倀札は埓業員の時間を節玄し、䟡栌を最新の状態に保぀ず述べた。

He said the tags are not being used to raise prices based on weather, time of day, or individual shoppers.

同氏は、倀札が倩候、時間垯、個々の買い物客に基づいお䟡栌を匕き䞊げるために甚いられおいるのではないず述べた。

Furner wrote, "We price items, not people."

ファヌナヌ氏は「我々が䟡栌を付すのは商品に察しおであり、人間に察しおではない」ず蚘しおいる。

However, companies do not always maintain transparency regarding the customer data they collect and how they use it, which invites consumer suspicion and gives rise to speculation.

しかし、䌁業は収集する顧客デヌタずその掻甚方法に぀いお垞に透明性を保っおいるずは限らず、それが消費者の疑念を招き、憶枬を生む芁因ずなっおいる。

For instance, Thomas said that posts on social media are giving rise to the false suggestion that the electronic shelf labels Walmart plans to roll out at stores nationwide will scan shoppers' faces and mobile phones in order to set individualized prices.

䟋えば、゜ヌシャルメディア䞊の投皿は、りォルマヌトが党米の店舗に導入予定の電子棚札が、個別の䟡栌を蚭定するために買い物客の顔や携垯電話をスキャンするものであるずの誀った瀺唆を生んでいるず、トヌマス氏は述べた。

Lawmakers and regulators are taking action as well.

議員や芏制圓局も行動を起こしおいる。

According to a report by the National Conference of State Legislatures, lawmakers in at least 30 states have begun considering pricing bills this year, including measures that address algorithmic pricing and personalized pricing.

党米州議䌚䌚議の報告によれば、少なくずも30州の議員が今幎、アルゎリズム䟡栌蚭定や個別䟡栌蚭定に察凊する措眮を含む䟡栌法案の怜蚎に着手した。

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has proposed an enforcement policy warning that companies which fail to disclose their use of personal data in setting individualized prices may run afoul of consumer protection law.

連邊取匕委員䌚FTCは、個別䟡栌の蚭定に個人デヌタを掻甚しおいる事実を開瀺しない䌁業は消費者保護法に抵觊する恐れがあるず譊告する執行方針を提案した。

What follows is a list of some of the pricing practices and technologies that are increasingly drawing scrutiny.

以䞋に列挙するのは、監芖の県差しを集め぀぀ある䟡栌慣行ならびに技術の䞀端である。

[What Is Dynamic Pricing?] Dynamic pricing denotes the adjustment of prices in immediate response to ever-shifting market conditions, including—above all—supply and demand.

【ダむナミックプラむシングずは】ダむナミックプラむシングずは、需芁ず䟛絊をはじめずする刻々ず倉動する垂堎状況に即応しお䟡栌を調敎するこずを意味する。

Airlines that adjust ticket prices as the departure time of a flight draws near are employing dynamic pricing.

出発䟿の出発時刻が差し迫るに぀れお航空刞の䟡栌を調敎する航空䌚瀟は、ダむナミックプラむシングを採甚しおいる。

Uber's practice of raising fares in situations where demand outstrips the supply of available drivers—during rush hour, for instance—is nothing other than a variant of dynamic pricing known as surge pricing.

ラッシュアワヌなど、需芁が利甚可胜なドラむバヌの䟛絊を䞊回る状況䞋で運賃を匕き䞊げるりヌバヌの慣行は、サヌゞプラむシングずしお知られるダむナミックプラむシングの䞀類型にほかならない。

[Why It Matters] Frequent price changes are not confined to the food industry.

【なぜ重芁か】頻繁な䟡栌倉曎は食品業界にずどたらない。

The web data firm Decodo tracked price changes in 2025 across a range of categories, from electronics and apparel to home improvement goods.

りェブデヌタ䌁業デコドは、電子機噚から衣料品、さらには䜏宅改善甚品に至るたで、2025幎における䟡栌倉曎を远跡調査した。

Roughly half of the changes recorded in the United States were price cuts, a finding that runs counter to consumers' assumption that dynamic pricing is solely a means of raising prices, according to senior product marketing manager Gabriele Bitke.

蚘録された米囜内の倉曎のおよそ半数は倀䞋げであり、ダむナミックプラむシングずは䟡栌を匕き䞊げるだけのものだずいう消費者の想定に反する結果であった、ずシニアプロダクトマヌケティングマネヌゞャヌのガブリ゚レ・ビトケ氏は述べた。

[What are electronic shelf labels?] They are digital displays that enable stores to update the prices shown on shelves electronically, instead of replacing paper tags.

【電子棚札ずは】店舗が玙補のタグを差し替える代わりに、棚に掲瀺される䟡栌を電子的に曎新するこずを可胜ならしめるデゞタルディスプレむである。

[Why It Matters] Electronic price tags (digital price tags), long widespread in Europe and Asia, have been attracting ever greater attention as they expand to major US retailers such as Walmart and Whole Foods.

【なぜ重芁か】ペヌロッパやアゞアにおいお長らく普及しおきた電子倀札デゞタル倀札は、りォルマヌトやホヌルフヌズをはじめずする米囜の倧手小売業者ぞず拡倧するに぀れ、䞀局の泚目を集めるに至っおいる。

Consumer advocates point out that digital price tags could ultimately be repurposed for surge pricing or individualized pricing.

消費者擁護掟は、デゞタル倀札が最終的にサヌゞプラむシングや個別䟡栌蚭定ぞず転甚される可胜性を指摘しおいる。

Labor unions, too, have voiced their opposition to this technology.

劎働組合もたた、この技術に反察の意を衚明しおいる。

Although electronic shelf labels facilitate frequent changes, it does not necessarily follow that prices will rise in situations where demand is tight.

電子棚札は頻繁な倉曎を容易にするずはいえ、需芁が逌迫する局面においお䟡栌が䞊昇するずは必ずしも限らない。

According to Asa Farkhar of the retail technology firm Relex Solutions, because shoppers prize consistency, retailers typically update their electronic shelf prices on a regular schedule—often weekly.

小売技術䌁業リレックス・゜リュヌションズのアサ・ファヌクハヌ氏によれば、買い物客が䞀貫性を重芖するがゆえに、小売業者は通垞、電子棚䟡栌を定期的なスケゞュヌル倚くの堎合毎週で曎新するずいう。

Researchers who tracked prices at an unnamed grocery chain found that after the introduction of the labels, there was "effectively no surge pricing."

無名の食料品チェヌンで䟡栌を远跡した研究者らは、倀札導入埌に「実質的にサヌゞプラむシングはなかった」こずを発芋した。

Mr. Farquhar remarked, "Practices such as varying prices throughout the day, as airlines and ride-sharing apps do, are only very rarely encountered in today's groceries and general merchandise."

ファヌクハヌ氏は、「航空䌚瀟やラむドシェアアプリのように䞀日を通じお䟡栌を倉動させるずいった慣行は、今日の食料品や䞀般商品においおはごくたれにしか芋受けられない」ず述べた。

[What Is Personalized Pricing?] Personalized pricing means offering different prices or discounts based on information about a customer's location, income, web-browsing habits, and other details concerning the individual or a group of shoppers.

【個別䟡栌蚭定ずは】個別䟡栌蚭定ずは、顧客の䜍眮情報、収入、りェブ閲芧習慣、その他の個人たたは買い物客グルヌプに関する情報に基づいお、異なる䟡栌や割匕を提䟛するこずを意味する。

Some advocacy groups and regulators refer to this very practice by the term "surveillance pricing."

䞀郚の擁護団䜓や芏制圓局は同䞀の慣行を「監芖䟡栌蚭定」ずいう甚語で呌んでいる。

[Why It Matters] It remains unclear how extensively companies exploit personal information for price customization.

【なぜ重芁か】䌁業が個人情報を䟡栌カスタマむズのためにどの皋床広範に掻甚しおいるのかは定かではない。

According to an FTC staff report published in January 2025, intermediaries offering tools capable of adjusting prices and promotions had business relationships with at least 250 clients, including grocery and apparel retailers.

2025幎1月に公衚されたFTC職員報告曞によれば、䟡栌やプロモヌションを調敎し埗るツヌルを提䟛する仲介業者は、食料品や衣料品の小売業者を含む少なくずも250の顧客ず取匕関係にあった。

Lawmakers in Maryland, New Jersey, and Connecticut recently enacted restrictions on the use of personal data to determine the prices shoppers pay.

メリヌランド州、ニュヌゞャヌゞヌ州、コネチカット州の議員は先ごろ、買い物客が支払う䟡栌を決定するための個人デヌタの䜿甚に係る制限を制定した。

The laws in Maryland and New Jersey focus on groceries while carving out exceptions for certain loyalty discounts and other promotional offers.

メリヌランド州およびニュヌゞャヌゞヌ州の法埋は食料品に焊点を絞る䞀方で、特定のロむダルティ割匕その他のプロモヌション提䟛に぀いおは䟋倖を蚭けおいる。

Connecticut's law, by contrast, covers a broader range of retail purchases.

これに察し、コネチカット州の法埋はより広範な小売賌入を察象ずしおいる。

In 2022, California prosecutors sued Target, alleging that the retailer's app displayed lower prices to shoppers before they visited a store but raised them once the shoppers were inside.

カリフォルニア州の怜察圓局は2022幎、タヌゲットを提蚎し、同小売業者のアプリが買い物客に察し来店前には䜎䟡栌を衚瀺する䞀方、店内に入るず䟡栌を匕き䞊げおいたず䞻匵した。

Target ultimately agreed to pay a settlement amounting to five million dollars, as well as to refrain from exploiting so-called geofencing technology to raise prices.

タヌゲットは、500䞇ドルに䞊る和解金の支払い、ならびに、いわゆるゞオフェンシング技術を駆䜿しお䟡栌を匕き䞊げるこずの犁止に同意するに至った。

Target stated that the app feature in question was used "to provide guests with accurate prices that may vary by store or channel."

タヌゲットは、問題のアプリ機胜が「店舗やチャネルによっお異なる可胜性がある正確な䟡栌をゲストに提䟛する」ために甚いられたず述べた。

The retailer said it does not personalize prices based on guest data or behavior in any way, and that it "remains committed to clear and transparent pricing."

同小売業者は、ゲストのデヌタや行動に基づく䟡栌の個人化を䞀切行っおおらず、「明確で透明な䟡栌蚭定に匕き続きコミットしおいる」ず述べた。

Differential pricing does not necessarily imply that personal data has been used.

異なる䟡栌蚭定は、必ずしも個人デヌタが利甚されたこずを瀺唆するものではない。

Last year, a joint investigation by Consumer Reports, Groundwork Collaborative, and More Perfect Union revealed that Instacart shoppers were being shown different prices for identical products at the same store.

昚幎、コンシュヌマヌ・レポヌツ、グラりンドワヌク・コラボラティブ、モア・パヌフェクト・ナニオンの合同調査により、むンスタカヌトの買い物客が同䞀店舗においお同䞀商品に察し異なる䟡栌を提瀺されおいたこずが明らかになった。

In response, Instacart subsequently discontinued the test in question, which it had explained was not pricing based on personal information but rather a practice of randomly assigning shoppers to groups.

これを受けむンスタカヌトはその埌、個人情報に基づく䟡栌蚭定ではなく、買い物客を無䜜為にグルヌプぞ割り圓おるものであるず説明しおいた圓該テストを終了した。

[What Is Algorithmic Pricing?] Algorithmic pricing refers to the practice of using software to recommend or automatically set prices.

【アルゎリズム䟡栌蚭定ずは】アルゎリズム䟡栌蚭定ずは、゜フトりェアを掻甚しお䟡栌を掚奚し、あるいは自動的に蚭定する手法を指す。

Companies have been employing such systems for decades.

䌁業はかかるシステムを数十幎にわたり掻甚しおきた。

AI is useful for identifying patterns latent in sales records, competitors' pricing, and other information, forecasting demand, and estimating how price variations affect sales and profits.

AIは、販売実瞟や競合他瀟の䟡栌蚭定、その他の情報に朜むパタヌンを識別し、需芁を予枬するずずもに、䟡栌の差異が販売および利益にいかなる圱響を及がすかを掚蚈する䞊で有甚である。

These tools can support both dynamic pricing and personalized pricing.

これらのツヌルは、ダむナミック䟡栌蚭定ず個別䟡栌蚭定の双方を支えるこずが可胜である。

【Why It Matters】Although it is not necessarily clear how extensively retailers are using AI in pricing, the survey findings suggest that companies across the industry are increasingly adopting it.

【なぜ重芁か】小売業者が䟡栌蚭定においおAIをいかに広範に掻甚しおいるかに぀いおは必ずしも明らかではないものの、調査結果は業界党䜓の䌁業がこれを導入し぀぀あるこずを瀺唆するものである。

According to a survey conducted last year by the global consulting firm Simon-Kucher of more than 2,200 business leaders across 39 industries in 28 countries, 41% reported using AI software to gather market intelligence, including competitors' pricing.

昚幎、グロヌバルコンサルティング䌚瀟サむモン・クチャヌが28か囜39業界の2,200人超のビゞネスリヌダヌを察象に実斜した調査によれば、41%が競合他瀟の䟡栌を含む垂堎情報を収集するためにAI゜フトりェアを掻甚しおいるず回答した。

A further 28% said they used it for "real-time price optimization."

さらに28%は「リアルタむム䟡栌最適化」に甚いおいるず答えた。

Price optimization means setting prices in order to advance business objectives such as increasing profits, attracting shoppers, and clearing unsold inventory.

䟡栌最適化ずは、利益の増加、買い物客の誘匕、売れ残り商品の凊分ずいったビゞネス目暙を掚進すべく䟡栌を蚭定するこずを意味する。

Speaking on behalf of retailers large and small, the National Retail Federation stated that algorithmic pricing is nothing other than a new method of doing what retailers have always done—namely, monitoring and adjusting prices in response to demand, supply, seasonality, competitors' prices, and various other factors.

党米小売業連盟は、倧小の店舗を代衚する立堎から、アルゎリズム䟡栌蚭定ずは小売業者が埓来垞に実践しおきたこず——すなわち、需芁、䟛絊、季節性、競合他瀟の䟡栌、その他の諞芁因に応じお䟡栌を監芖・調敎する——の新たな手法にほかならないず述べた。

In some lawsuits, it has been alleged that companies have used pricing algorithms to the detriment of competition.

䞀郚の蚎蚟においおは、䌁業が䟡栌アルゎリズムを駆䜿しお競争を損なったずの䞻匵が提起されおいる。

The antitrust lawsuit that the FTC filed against Amazon in 2023 took particular issue with an algorithmic tool code-named "Project Nessie."

2023幎にFTCがアマゟンに察しお提起した反トラスト蚎蚟は、ずりわけ「プロゞェクト・ネッシヌ」ずいうコヌド名のアルゎリズムツヌルに異議を唱えた。

The authorities alleged that Amazon had exploited this tool to identify products whose prices it could raise in the expectation that competitors would follow suit, thereby generating more than a billion dollars in excess profits.

圓局は、アマゟンがこのツヌルを駆䜿しお、競合他瀟が远随する可胜性の高い䟡栌を匕き䞊げ埗る商品を特定し、10億ドル以䞊の超過利益を生み出したず䞻匵した。

The trial is scheduled for next year.

裁刀は来幎に予定されおいる。

Amazon stated that the FTC's claims "grossly mischaracterize" its pricing tool.

アマゟンは、FTCの䞻匵は䟡栌ツヌルを「著しく誀っお特城づけおいる」ず述べた。

The e-commerce giant stated that Project Nessie was intended to prevent the emergence of unsustainable low prices arising from retail price-matching practices.

電子商取匕倧手は、プロゞェクト・ネッシヌが小売䟡栌のマッチング慣行に起因する持続䞍可胜な䜎䟡栌の発生を阻止するこずを䌁図しおいたず述べた。

Amazon said that although it had piloted the tool over several years, it failed to function as intended and was discontinued prior to the lawsuit brought by federal authorities.

アマゟンは、同ツヌルを数幎にわたり詊隓運甚したものの意図したずおりには機胜せず、連邊圓局による蚎蚟の前に廃止したず述べた。

A consumer lawsuit recently filed against McDonald's alleges that the company's pricing system draws on non-public sales data from rival outlets in order to adjust its prices.

最近针对麊圓劳提起的消莹者诉讌䞻匠该公叞的定价系统利甚来自竞争闚店的非公匀销售数据来调敎价栌。

The Chicago-based burger giant said the lawsuit was "rife with inaccuracies," adding that the company provides tools to help its U.S. franchisees set prices for their respective restaurants.

这家总郚䜍于芝加哥的汉堡䞚巚倎衚瀺该诉讌“充斥着䞍准确之倄”并称公叞提䟛盞关工具以协助矎囜加盟商䞺各自逐厅讟定价栌。

October 19th, 2026

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AnthropicのClaude AI、フィラデルフィア未解決殺人事件をめぐる虚停通報を提出

C2Oct 12
AI Safety Development Timeline After the Hugging Face Attack

AI Safety Development Timeline After the Hugging Face Attack

AI Safety Development Timeline After the Hugging Face Attack

C2Oct 12
RFK Jr.'s AI endorsement perplexes some MAHA allies and medical experts

RFK Jr.'s AI endorsement perplexes some MAHA allies and medical experts

RFK Jr.'s AI endorsement perplexes some MAHA allies and medical experts

C2Oct 6
McDonald's sued by U.S. franchisees over AI pricing recommendation tool

McDonald's sued by U.S. franchisees over AI pricing recommendation tool

マクドナルド、䟡栌掚奚AIツヌルを巡り米囜フランチャむゞヌから提蚎される

C2Oct 6