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China Introduces Export Restrictions on AI and Other Technologies, Citing National Security Concerns

China Introduces Export Restrictions on AI and Other Technologies, Citing National Security Concerns

C2🇯🇵 日本語 → 🇺🇸 English

October 19th, 2026

China Introduces Export Restrictions on AI and Other Technologies, Citing National Security Concerns

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Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

On Friday, as technological competition with the United States and other countries continues to intensify unabated, China unveiled plans to restrict or ban exports of forty technologies spanning artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and solar power generation.

中国は金曜日、アメリカを含む各国との技術競争が激化の一途を辿る中、人工知能、半導体、太陽光発電にまたがる40の技術について輸出を制限または禁止する計画を明らかにした。

The Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly published a draft document incorporating a proposed update to China's catalogue of technologies subject to export bans or restrictions.

商務部と科学技術部は共同で、輸出禁止または制限の対象となる中国の技術カタログの更新案を盛り込んだ文書の草案を公表した。

In a statement, the spokesperson for the Ministry of Commerce pronounced the measure "necessary" and cited national security as one of the grounds for it.

商務部の報道官は声明において、この措置を「必要」と断じ、その根拠の一端として国家安全保障を挙げた。

This proposal was put forward at a time when China and the United States had made progress in dialogue on AI safety and governance, as well as in establishing a notification mechanism between the two superpowers concerning AI incidents that could threaten national security.

この提案は、中国とアメリカがAIの安全性とガバナンスに関する対話、ならびに国家安全保障を脅かす恐れのあるAIインシデントに関する両超大国間の通知メカニズムの設置において進展をみせた中で打ち出されたものである。

Two Chinese provinces have disclosed that a list published on Friday encompasses 23 artificial intelligence technologies, ranging from advanced large-scale models to intelligent agents.

中国两省披露,周五公布的清单涵盖23项人工智能技术,从先进的大规模模型到智能体,不一而足。

As a result of US-led export controls that have, over the past few years, curbed the export of certain cutting-edge technologies to China, the country has been cut off from access to the world's most advanced AI chips and, by extension, the sophisticated semiconductor manufacturing equipment used to produce them.

アメリカ主導の輸出規制はここ数年にわたり、一部の先端技術の対中輸出を抑止してきた結果、中国は世界で最も先端的なAIチップ、ひいてはそれらを製造する高度な半導体製造装置へのアクセスを断たれている。

Under China's proposal, the export of core technologies for large-scale AI models trained on highly sensitive state data would be prohibited, and AI agents intended for use in exceptionally sensitive environments such as national defense and critical information infrastructure would likewise be banned.

中国の提案では、機密性の高い国家データを用いて訓練されたAI大規模モデルの中核技術の輸出が禁じられるほか、国防や重要情報インフラといった極めて機密性の高い環境での使用を目的としたAIエージェントも禁止される。

A statement from the Ministry of Commerce says, "The Chinese government is taking these necessary measures with the aim of reinforcing the minimum baseline for security, preventing misuse and abuse, and ensuring that AI remains under human control."

商務部の声明は、「中国政府は、安全保障上の最低ラインを強化し、誤用や悪用を防止し、AIが人間の管理下に留まることを確保する目的で、こうした必要な措置を講じている」と述べている。

On the other hand, exports of AI models that reach two trillion or more parameters, or that possess certain world-leading capabilities, may be subject to restrictions.

一方で、パラメータ数が2兆以上に達するか、あるいは世界をリードする特定の能力を具備したAIモデルの輸出は制限される可能性がある。

The parameter count of an AI model is nothing less than a key indicator reflecting its learning capacity.

AIモデルのパラメータ数は、その学習能力を反映する重要な指標にほかならない。

As for Chinese AI models—including ones with more than two trillion parameters, such as Moonshot's Kimi K3 and Alibaba's Qwen 3.8-Max—no specific model names were cited in Friday's proposal.

中国のAIモデル——MoonshotのKimi K3やAlibabaのQwen 3.8-Maxなど、パラメータ数が2兆を超えるものを含む——については、金曜日の提案において特定のモデル名は挙げられていない。

Several chip design technologies, including those intended for AI processing chips and memory chips, have likewise been incorporated into the proposed export restrictions.

AI処理チップやメモリチップ向けのものを含む複数のチップ設計技術もまた、輸出制限案の対象として組み込まれている。

Furthermore, in addition to twelve photovoltaic-related technologies—including those connected to the manufacture of polysilicon, the raw material that forms the backbone of the solar supply chain—five biomedical technologies, including those pertaining to cell and gene therapy, have also been incorporated.

また、太陽光サプライチェーンの根幹をなす原材料であるポリシリコンの製造に関連する技術を含む12の太陽光発電関連技術に加え、細胞・遺伝子治療に関連するものを含む5つの生物医学技術も盛り込まれている。

This move "can be seen as a response to Western countries imposing sovereignty requirements on AI, robotics, telecommunications, and other critical technologies," said Lian Jye Su, chief analyst at the technology research and advisory group Omdia.

この動きは「AI、ロボティクス、通信、その他の重要技術に関して、西洋諸国が主権要件を課していることへの対応と見ることができる」と、技術調査・助言グループOmdiaのチーフアナリスト、Lian Jye Su氏は述べた。

He believes the aim is to regulate access to Chinese technology more appropriately.

同氏は、その狙いが中国技術へのアクセスをより適切に規制することにあると考えている。

In June, the U.S. Department of Commerce, citing national security concerns, requested that the department prohibit foreign nationals from using Fable 5 and Mythos 5, which are among Anthropic's most powerful AI models.

米国商務省は6月、国家安全保障上の懸念を根拠として、外国籍の人物がAnthropicの最も強力なAIモデルの一部であるFable 5およびMythos 5を使用することを禁じるよう同省に要請した。

This restriction was subsequently lifted.

この制限は後に解除された。

Gary Ng, a senior economist at the French bank Natixis, added that AI is increasingly taking on strategic significance for both China and the United States, and then remarked, "The world is becoming ever more fragmented in trade and investment, and in access to technology as well."

フランスの銀行ナティクシスのシニアエコノミストであるGary Ng氏は、AIが中国とアメリカの双方にとってますます戦略的な意味合いを帯びるようになっていると付け加えたうえで、「世界は貿易と投資において、そして技術へのアクセスにおいても、より一層分断化が進んでいる」と述べた。

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