They arrive in a dazzling array of hues, yet ultimately a single shade prevails.
它们以斑斓绚丽的色彩纷至沓来,然最终唯有一色独占鳌头。
For decades, the American school bus has adhered steadfastly to this standard appearance, to the extent that "school bus yellow" has become synonymous nationwide with its deep, lustrous hue.
数十载光阴流转,美国校车始终恪守着这般标准外观,以至于“校车黄”已然成为其深邃光泽色调在全国范围内的代名词。
No act of Congress mandates this slightly orange-tinted color; rather, in 1939, transportation officials from all forty-eight states then comprising the Union convened and selected it for its exceptional visual salience, as one of the first safety standards.
并无国会法案强制规定这一略带橙意的色泽;相反,1939年,来自当时全美四十八州的交通官员齐聚一堂,择定此色,因其作为首批安全标准之一,具备极高的视觉显著性。
At its zenith in the 1980s, the yellow school bus conveyed upwards of sixty percent of American schoolchildren on their journeys to and from school.
在二十世纪八十年代的鼎盛时期,黄色校车承载了逾六成美国学童往返校园之途。
The metal-bodied school bus traces its origins to the American countryside.
金属车身的校车,其渊源可追溯至美国乡野。
Albert Luce, an automobile dealer from Georgia, designed the vehicle to transport cement workers; upon its rejection by his company, he pivoted to marketing it to the school sector.
佐治亚州汽车经销商阿尔伯特·卢斯设计此车以运送水泥工人,遭公司拒斥后,转而将其推向学校市场。
The timing proved providential, for school districts were then replacing one-room community schools with larger, more distant institutions.
彼时恰逢天赐良机,因各学区正以相距更遥的大型学校取代一室一厅的社区学校。
This consolidation gave rise to the school bus.
此种合并催生了校车。
"I contend that without the school bus, this consolidation would have been utterly impossible," remarks Matt Anderson, chief curator of transportation at The Henry Ford Museum of American Innovation in Dearborn, Michigan, which houses the bus Luce built in 1927.
“窃以为,若无校车,此番合并断无可能,”密歇根州迪尔伯恩市亨利·福特美国创新博物馆首席交通策展人马特·安德森如是说,该馆珍藏有卢斯1927年所造之校车。
Decades later, the school bus again proved instrumental in desegregating schools, ferrying Black and white children across the nation's racial divide.
数十年后,校车又助力学校废除种族隔离,载着黑人儿童与白人儿童横跨国家的种族鸿沟。
This highly contentious practice has largely subsided, while in most of the United States, school segregation has, paradoxically, intensified.
这一颇具争议的做法已基本偃旗息鼓,而在美国大部分地区,学校的种族隔离反而愈演愈烈。
Carl Fisher's years behind the wheel of a metal school bus span two-thirds of its nearly century-long history.
卡尔·费舍尔驾驶金属校车的岁月,占据了其近百年历史的三分之二。
According to Guinness World Records, Fisher retired in 2012 as the longest-serving driver, having piloted school buses for sixty-six years.
据吉尼斯世界纪录记载,费舍尔于2012年退休,成为在职时间最长的司机,他驾驶校车长达六十六载。
His first vehicle was a Dodge truck, modified by a friend of his father with benches and stools, to transport twenty children in the village of Pleasant Hope, Missouri.
他的首辆车是一辆道奇卡车,经其父友改装,添置长凳与小凳,用以在密苏里州普莱森特霍普村接送二十个孩子。
"He put in windows and such, and he really did it up right," Fisher remarked.
“他装了窗户等等,当真弄得极为妥帖,”费舍尔言道。
These rudimentary designs subsequently became the industry standard, followed by further safety enhancements, including padded seats and swing-out stop signs.
这些基本设计遂成为行业标准,随后又进行了更多安全升级,包括加垫座椅与翻出式停车标志。
"It is the safest mode of highway transportation per passenger mile, without question—even without seat belts," asserts Brad Beauchamp, who works on the electric vehicle team at Blue Bird, the yellow school bus manufacturer reputedly named by Luce after a bird his wife spotted on a fence post.
“这是每乘客每英里最安全的公路运输方式,毋庸置疑——即便没有安全带,”布拉德·博尚如是说,他在蓝鸟公司电动汽车团队供职,这家黄色校车制造商据说因卢斯以妻子在栅栏柱上所见之鸟命名。
Owing to driver shortages and other factors, the yellow school bus can no longer convey as many children to school, placing the onus of arranging transportation squarely upon families.
由于司机短缺及其他因素,黄色校车已无法再接送众多学童上学,致使家庭承受自行解决交通之重压。
Jim Oppedahl, who transported children in Brooklyn Park, a Minneapolis suburb, for over two decades, retired at the age of ninety-four, becoming the oldest school bus driver on record.
吉姆·奥佩加德在明尼阿波利斯郊区布鲁克林帕克接送孩子逾二十年,于九十四岁高龄退休,成为有记录以来最年长的校车司机。
He describes it as a profoundly rewarding occupation.
他言称这是一份回报丰厚的工作。
"You are helping the children, and you are also aiding the entire community," he says.
“你在帮助孩子,亦在襄助整个社会,”他说。
"You are engaged in a truly vital endeavor."
“你在从事一项至关重要的事业。”
This is part of the "American Objects" series, commemorating the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States.
此为“美国物品”系列报道之一部分,以纪念美国建国二百五十周年。
For more American Objects, click here.
更多美国物品,请点击此处。
For more anniversary stories, click here.
更多周年纪念故事,请点击此处。