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Trump and Xi seek stability even as friction intensifies over AI, trade, and Iran

Trump and Xi seek stability even as friction intensifies over AI, trade, and Iran

C2🇨🇳 中文🇺🇸 English

September 22nd, 2026

Trump and Xi seek stability even as friction intensifies over AI, trade, and Iran

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Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

State visits, by convention, tend to occur when bilateral relations are in a harmonious state; yet this week, as US President Donald Trump hosted Chinese leader Xi Jinping in Washington, economic and technological competition between the two countries was escalating, nowhere more so than in the realm of artificial intelligence.

国事访问,按惯例,多发生于双边关系处于融洽状态之际;然而,本周美国总统唐纳德·特朗普于华盛顿接待中国领导人习近平之时,两国间的经济与技术竞争却呈持续升级之势,人工智能竞赛领域尤甚。

Neither side harbours any illusions that this encounter will yield a major agreement; nonetheless, the two leaders are expected, in what will be their third meeting since Trump's return to the White House, to display a cordial demeanour in the hope of stabilising an already fragile relationship.

双方均未奢望此番能缔结任何重大协议然而据预计两位领导人将在特朗普重返白宫以来第三次会晤展现出友好姿态以期稳定已然脆弱的关系

All this, even as the world's two largest economies jockey for advantage in artificial intelligence and trade, while simultaneously seeking leverage on such enduring flashpoints as Iran and Taiwan.

尽管这两个世界最大经济体在人工智能发展与贸易领域竞逐上风同时亦在伊朗与台湾等持续热点议题上谋求筹码

"The very fact that they are meeting, that dialogue is underway, that a relationship is being built, may prove just as significant as any concrete outcome of the talks," said Steve Daines, the Republican senator from Montana.

他们正在会晤对话正在进行关系正在建立这一事实可能与会晤成果同样重要,”蒙大拿州共和党参议员史蒂夫·戴恩斯

He advises Trump on China affairs and recently traveled to China to pave the way for the summit.

为特朗普提供中国事务建议,最近曾前往中国为峰会铺路

Speaking at a forum in Beijing a few days ago, former Chinese ambassador to the United States Cui Tiankai observed that between the two countries there are "always problems, sometimes very big problems," yet "we will do our utmost to uphold overall stability."

前中国驻美大使崔天凯日前在北京一场论坛上指出两国之间“总是有问题,有时是非常大的问题”,然而我们将尽最大努力维护总体稳定”。

Xi Jinping set off for Washington on Wednesday, marking his first visit to the city in a decade.

习近平于周三启程前往华盛顿,此访系其十年来首次踏足该地

His meeting with Trump comes as relations between the two countries have eased since last year's fraught trade war, during which both sides imposed steep tariffs that imperilled the global economy.

他与特朗普举行会晤之际两国关系已自去年那场剑拔弩张的贸易战趋于缓和——彼时双方互征高额关税令全球经济岌岌可危

China also suspended its supply of critical minerals, a sector in which it holds a dominant global position, and these minerals are indispensable components of a vast array of products, from electric vehicles to fighter jets.

中国亦中断了在全球占据领先地位的关键矿产供应而这些矿产乃是电动汽车乃至战斗机诸多产品不可或缺的要素

The United States is not merely seeking to rebalance trade; it is also committed to preserving its technological hegemony in order to safeguard its national security and global leadership.

美国不仅力图实现贸易再平衡致力于维系技术霸权捍卫国家安全全球领导地位

Over the past few years, China has amassed formidable economic, technological, and military strength, aiming to close the gap with the United States and seeking to consolidate its position within the global order.

过去数年间中国积聚起雄厚的经济技术军事实力意在弥合与美国的差距,并谋求巩固其在全球秩序中的位势

The stability that both sides seek is, in the words of Evan Medeiros, a senior adviser at the Asia Group consultancy, "predicated on deep competition."

双方所谋求的稳定,亚洲集团咨询公司高级顾问埃文·梅代罗斯的话说乃是出于深度竞争的原因”。

"It is essentially two geopolitical heavyweights sizing each other up on the playground, trying to figure out what the next move might be."

基本上是两个地缘政治强人在操场上相互试探力图判明下一步可能是什么。”

Da Wei, director of the Center for International Security and Strategy at Tsinghua University, points out that even though the two countries have blacklisted each other's companies and imposed restrictions on the flow of high-tech products, they nonetheless appear to be entering a "new normal" characterized by "overall stability."

清华大学国际安全与战略研究中心主任达巍指出,纵然两国彼此将对方企业列入黑名单,并对高科技产品的流通加以限制,双方却似乎正步入一种以“总体稳定”为特征的“新常态”。

He asserted that the two leaders ought at this juncture to conclude an agreement that their respective governments would be capable of implementing, and noted, "We need to act quickly."

他声称,两位领导人当下理应缔结一项其各自政府均能付诸实施的协议,并指出“我们需要快速行动”。

This website operates under the dual protection of the reCAPTCHA mechanism and Google's Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

本网站受reCAPTCHA机制及Google隐私政策与服务条款的双重庇护。

The development of artificial intelligence technology has evolved into a battlefield of paramount importance; although technology company chief executives warn that an unchecked AI could pose an existential threat to humanity, neither side has any intention of slowing down.

发展人工智能技术已然演变为至关重要的战场尽管科技公司首席执行官们警告称失控的人工智能或将对人类构成威胁双方却均无意放缓脚步

"Whoever wins artificial intelligence wins everything," Trump has repeatedly declared.

谁赢得人工智能谁就赢得一切,”特朗普屡次如是表示。

On Monday, he declared on social media that the United States was pulling ahead of China and that he "will not kill growth, will not kill something bigger than the Industrial Revolution or the internet itself."

他于周一在社交媒体上宣称,美国正领先于中国,他“不会扼杀增长,不会扼杀比工业革命或互联网本身更大的东西”。

China, too, cannot afford to lose.

中国同样无法承受失败的代价

In a strikingly blunt article, Chen Yixin, China's Minister of State Security, warned that if foreign and hostile forces were to acquire more formidable capabilities, artificial intelligence would directly imperil the Communist Party's hold on power.

中国国家安全部部长陈一新在一篇措辞罕见而直白的文章中告诫倘若外国及敌对势力攫取更为强大的能力人工智能将直接危及共产党的执政地位

The United States has already restricted exports to China of its most powerful artificial intelligence chips, and has accused Chinese developers of exploiting American AI models on an industrial scale to extract their capabilities.

美国已在限制向中国出口其最强大的人工智能芯片,并指控中国开发者以工业规模利用美国人工智能模型,从中萃取其能力。

Beijing asserts that this practice, dubbed "distillation," is in fact widely employed, American companies included, while simultaneously excoriating Washington for seeking to monopolize the industry.

北京方面宣称,这种被冠以“蒸馏”之名的做法实则应用甚广,美国企业亦在其列,同时抨击美方企图对该行业实施垄断。

Beijing likewise harbours resentment over America's concerted efforts to build alliances that exclude China, and is therefore striving, by courting developing countries, to take the lead in formulating new guardrail rules for the global artificial intelligence domain.

北京方面对美国着力构建将中国排斥在外的联盟一事亦心存芥蒂,故而正力图通过拉拢发展中国家,以主导制定全球人工智能领域的新型护栏规则。

Yet in the realm of artificial intelligence, cooperation between the United States and China is quietly taking a step that, though seemingly negligible, is laden with symbolic significance.

然而,美中两国在人工智能领域的合作,正悄然迈出虽显微不足道却颇具象征意涵的一步。

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said on Sunday, following a meeting in New York with He Lifeng, Vice Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, that the United States had proposed establishing an entirely new "notification mechanism" for various types of artificial intelligence incidents that potentially imperil national security.

财政部长斯科特·贝森特于周日中华人民共和国国务院副总理何立峰在纽约会晤后表示美方已提议潜在危及国家安全各类人工智能事件建立一套全新的通报机制”。

"We believe that, as with any cross-border activity, moving from opacity toward greater transparency is of paramount importance for the world's first and second largest AI powers," Bessent remarked.

“我们以为,一如任何跨境活动,从封闭迈向更为透明,对世界第一与第二人工智能大国而言,殊为重要,”贝森特如是说。

Although both the United States and China have consistently refrained from adopting broad punitive measures that could upend the trade truce, they nonetheless spare no effort in blacklisting individual companies and imposing bans on specific products.

尽管美中双方始终规避采取可能颠覆贸易休战的广泛惩罚性举措,却仍在不遗余力地将个别企业列入黑名单,并对特定产品实施禁令。

"What we are witnessing is a degree of probing and exploration on both sides, aimed at clarifying what can competitively be done while sustaining the momentum of dialogue at the leaders' level," said Mira Rapp-Hooper, a visiting fellow at the Brookings Institution's Center for Asia Policy Studies.

“我们所目睹的,乃是双方某种程度的试探与探查,旨在厘清在维系领导人层面对话势头之同时,究竟可以竞争性地做些什么,”布鲁金斯学会亚洲政策研究中心访问研究员米拉·拉普-胡珀如是说。

The United States has recently trained its sanctions on Chinese manufacturers of telecommunications and surveillance equipment, on companies accused of perpetrating forced labour in the ethnic minority regions of Xinjiang, and on China's advanced robotics and drone industries.

美国近期将制裁矛头对准中国电信与监控设备制造商被控在新疆少数民族地区实施强迫劳动企业,以及中国先进的机器人与无人机产业

The Pentagon has likewise expressly barred a number of leading Chinese corporationsamong them Alibaba, BYD and Baidufrom securing American defence contracts.

五角大楼明令禁止阿里巴巴、比亚迪、百度等多家中国龙头企业获取美国国防合同

Beijing responded in short order by imposing export controls on drones and related technologies, and by blacklisting six American companies on the grounds that they had supported punitive measures related to Xinjiang.

北京旋即以对无人机及其相关技术施以出口管制相回应,并将六家美国公司列入黑名单,缘由是这些公司支持了与新疆有关的惩罚性措施。

After the Supreme Court ruled this year that the tariffs Trump had imposed on trading partners were unconstitutional, his administration has consistently sought alternative avenues through which to keep levying them.

在最高法院于今年裁定特朗普针对贸易伙伴所加征的关税违宪之后,其政府始终在寻求以替代性途径继续征收关税。

In July, the White House imposed a 12.5% tariff on imports from 60 trading partners, China included, ostensibly on the grounds that these countries had failed to take adequate measures to curb the influx of goods produced through forced labor.

白宫于7月涵盖中国在内60个贸易伙伴之进口商品课征12.5%的关税其表面理据在于这些国家未能采取充分举措以遏止强迫劳动所生产产品之输入

The United States separately proposed an additional 7.5% tariff on China, faulting it for producing goods far in excess of its reasonable consumption capacity.

美国另拟对中国加征7.5%的关税诟病其商品产量远超其合理消费能力

Analysts contend that the current tariff levels remain within a range tolerable to both sides; however, should any marked escalation occur, tensions could well be reignited.

分析人士称,现行关税水平尚在双方可承受范围之内,然而一旦出现任何显著攀升,紧张局势恐将再度引燃。

Yet the Trump administration has already taken action in an effort to isolate Iran from its remaining economic partners, while Beijing insists that it has the right to trade with Tehran.

然而特朗普政府已付诸行动力图将伊朗与其残存的经济伙伴隔绝开来,而北京则坚称其享有与德黑兰通商的权利

To date, the measures the Trump administration has taken to penalize China have been remarkably few, owing in part to a desire to avoid jeopardizing a leaders' summit.

迄今为止特朗普政府为惩处中国所采取的举措可谓寥寥无几其部分考量在于规避危及领导人峰会的风险。

However, Alicia García-Herrero, an economist for the Asia-Pacific region at the French investment bank Natixis, points out that Washington is also gradually losing its leverage, the reason being that ChinaIran's largest oil buyer and biggest trading partnerhas consistently been committed to building a set of payment channels independent of the US-dominated financial system.

然而法国投资银行Natixis亚太区经济学家艾丽西亚·加西亚-埃雷罗指出华盛顿方面亦在逐步丧失其筹码究其原因中国——作为伊朗最大的石油买家及最大贸易伙伴——始终致力于构建一套独立于美国主导金融体系之外的支付渠道

Taiwanthe self-governing island that Beijing claims as its ownhas long been one of the most intractable flashpoints in US-China relations.

台湾——这座北京宣称拥有主权的自治岛屿——始终是美中关系中最棘手的症结之一

After Trump's visit to Beijing in May, he shelved a large-scale arms package for Taiwan, yet US domestic law obliges him to furnish Taiwan with sufficient hardware and technology for its self-defence needs.

特朗普于5月造访北京之后搁置了一项针对台湾的大规模武器一揽子方案然而美国国内法责成其向台湾提供足量的硬件与技术以供其自卫之需

Analysts point out that Xi Jinping is highly likely to urge Trump to postpone the arms sale further, thereby sowing doubts in Taiwan about Washington's commitments.

分析人士指出,习近平极有可能敦促特朗普进一步推迟军售,从而令台湾对华盛顿方面的承诺心生疑窦。

September 22nd, 2026

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