Meta agreed to make child safety better.
Meta同意加強兒童安全措施。
This is an important legal deal.
這是一個重要的法律和解。
Among them, the age promise is the most detailed.
其中,年齡保證承諾最詳細。
The reason is clear: if we cannot tell which users are children, other safety steps are almost useless.
原因是顯而易見的:如果無法分辨哪些用戶是兒童,其他保護措施幾乎沒有用。
Companies like Google, TikTok, and Roblox are also trying harder.
Google、TikTok和Roblox等公司也在加強努力。
Because rules in the US and the world are turning against tech companies.
因為美國和全球的監管情緒正轉向反對科技公司。
The settlement amount is 18 billion dollars.
這項和解金額是180億美元。
It settles the claims of state attorneys general.
它解決了州檢察長的指控。
They said Meta designed Instagram and Facebook on purpose to attract young people.
他們說Meta故意設計Instagram和Facebook來吸引年輕人。
This hurt the mental health of young people.
這損害了年輕人的心理健康。
The deal covers 48 states, the District of Columbia, and US territories.
協議涉及48個州、哥倫比亞特區和美國領土。
Meta has one year to improve age check methods.
Meta有一年時間來改善年齡檢查方法。
But the choices are limited.
但選擇有限。
Improving the technology faces privacy challenges.
改進技術面臨隱私挑戰。
For example, adults may need to prove they are 18 or older.
例如,成年人可能需證明自己年滿18歲。
In the offline world, people use government IDs to prove their age.
線下世界使用政府身份證件來證明年齡。
But many people do not want big tech companies to see their driver's license. They also do not want them to see their passport.
但許多人不願讓大型科技公司訪問駕照或護照。
Meta accepts IDs and promises to delete them within 30 days.
Meta接受身份證件,並承諾30天內刪除。
But more and more companies use AI to guess a person's age.
但越來越多的公司改用人工智能來估計年齡。
Google uses AI on YouTube.
Google在YouTube上使用AI。
It uses watch history to tell adults from minors.
它根據觀看歷史來區分成人和未成年人。
Meta does the same.
Meta也這樣做。
AI looks at birthday posts, school content, friend lists, and login times.
AI會查看生日帖子、學校相關內容、朋友名單和登錄時間。
It even looks at height or bone structure in photos.
它甚至分析照片中的身高或骨骼結構。
Identity check companies like Yoti and Persona work with tech companies.
身份驗證公司如Yoti和Persona與科技公司合作。
They use video selfies to guess age.
他們使用視頻自拍來估計年齡。
Roblox asks players to take a selfie. They want to chat.
Roblox要求想聊天的玩家拍攝自拍。
The system can guess the age of users from 5 to 25. It can do this within one or two years.
系統可在一兩年內準確估計5至25歲用戶的年齡。
Some experts are careful about how reliable the tools are.
一些專家對工具的可靠性表示謹慎。
Especially for women or some racial groups.
尤其對女性或某些種族群體。
Companies like Meta say that app store owners like Apple and Google should check age.
Meta等公司主張年齡驗證應由Apple和Google等應用商店所有者進行。
But these two companies do not agree.
但這兩家公司不同意。
They think the plan cannot cover shared devices or pre-installed apps.
他們認為該提議無法覆蓋共享設備或預裝應用。
Critics worry that age checks make the internet less safe and less private.
批評者擔心年齡驗證讓互聯網更不安全、更不私密。
People may be blocked from news, health information, or speaking without names.
人們可能被拒絕訪問新聞、健康信息或匿名發言。
The Electronic Frontier Foundation warns that every system asks users to give sensitive personal data.
電子前沿基金會警告,每個系統都要求用戶交出敏感個人信息。
This links online activity to a person's real identity.
這將線上活動與線下身份聯繫起來。
This data can easily leak or be misused.
這些數據容易洩露或被濫用。