South African civil rights groups are calling for a halt to building data centers until the government investigates their impact on water, land, and electricity.
南非民權組織呼籲暫停興建資料中心,直到政府調查其對水、土地和電力的影響。
South Africa currently holds 70% of Africa's data center capacity. The government sees this as an opportunity for the digital economy and invites more tech companies to invest.
南非目前擁有非洲70%的資料中心容量,政府視此為數位經濟的機遇,並邀請更多科技公司投資。
The South African Human Rights Commission says it has received more than 250 responses since it asked for public input in May.
南非人權委員會表示,自五月徵求意見以來,已收到超過250份回應。
The commission notes that data centers are growing quickly. But there is little transparent information about electricity, water, land use, and environmental impact.
委員會指出,資料中心快速成長,但缺乏關於電力、用水、土地使用和環境影響的透明資訊。
Pitso Tsibolane is a lecturer at the University of Cape Town. He says operators do not have to reveal how much resources they use. They also do not have to commit to binding terms.
開普敦大學講師Pitso Tsibolane表示,營運商無需揭露資源用量,也無需承諾有約束力的條款。
A recent case that caused discontent is Equinix's plan to build a hyperscale data center in Cape Town.
最近引發不滿的案例,是Equinix計劃在開普敦興建超大規模資料中心。
Cape Town faced a water shortage crisis in 2018, and the facility is estimated to need 160 megawatts of power, which also raises concerns.
開普敦曾在2018年面臨缺水危機,而該設施估計需要160兆瓦電力,也令人憂慮。
South Africa's power company Eskom currently has a surplus of electricity, but citizen groups are cautious about selling power to data centers.
南非電力公司Eskom目前雖有電力盈餘,但公民團體對將電力出售給資料中心持謹慎態度。
Experts say pausing approvals should not be seen as rejecting foreign investment, but as a way to set clear rules.
專家認為,暫停批准不應視為拒絕外國投資,而是建立明確規則的機制。
Tsibolane said serious investors are not scared off by clear rules. Instead, they factor uncertainty into their pricing.
Tsibolane說,認真的投資者不會被明確規則嚇退,反而會對不確定性定價。
Operators argue that local data centers use less water than the global average, and most rely more on renewable energy.
營運商則反駁,本地資料中心用水量低於全球平均,且多數越來越依賴再生能源。
Sasha Booth-Beharilal, head of South Africa's internet service provider association, said data centers' energy needs have not caused the country's power shortage.
南非網路服務供應商協會主席Sasha Booth-Beharilal表示,資料中心的能源需求並未造成南非電力短缺。