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Fact check: Trump's claim that American banks cannot operate in Canada is at odds with the facts.

Fact check: Trump's claim that American banks cannot operate in Canada is at odds with the facts.

C2🇹🇼 中文🇺🇸 English

September 8th, 2026

Fact check: Trump's claim that American banks cannot operate in Canada is at odds with the facts.

C2
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

When queried on Wednesday regarding the trade friction with Canada, President Donald Trump erroneously asserted that American banking institutions were constrained by prohibitions, rendering them incapable of conducting commercial transactions with their northern neighbor.

在週三被問及與加拿大的貿易齟齬時,總統唐納德·川普謬稱美國銀行業者受制於禁令無法與其北方鄰國進行商業往來

This allegation was proffered during a meeting in the Oval Office with senior figures from the American tourism industry, at which juncture a journalist inquired of Trump whether there existed any plans to recommence trade negotiations between the two nations.

此項指控係於白宮橢圓形辦公室與美國旅遊業高層會晤之際提出當時一名記者詢及川普兩國之間是否存在重啟貿易談判之規劃。

Experts point out that although American banks may encounter certain operational constraints in Canada, they have not been expressly prohibited and remain authorized to continue conducting financial activities within the country.

專家指出,儘管美國銀行在加拿大可能遭遇若干營運上的制約,惟其並未遭受明令禁止,仍獲准於該國境內繼續從事金融業務。

The following constitutes a meticulous dissection of the facts.

以下事實縝密剖析

Trump: "They have their banks here, namely the Bank of Canada, and all their major banksmagnificent institutions.

川普:「彼等於此設有其銀行加拿大銀行及其所有大型銀行——宏偉壯觀之銀行

To my reckoning, they maintain six or seven principal banking establishments in this country.

據余之判斷彼等在此擁有六、七家主要銀行機構

We, conversely, possess no banking presence on their soil.

我方於彼處未設有銀行

Do you apprehend the rationale behind this disparity?

可知其緣由

It is owing to the fact that they withhold their consent."

蓋因彼等不予准許。」

Fact: According to a spokesperson for the Canadian Bankers Association, fifteen American banks currently operate in Canada in the form of branches or subsidiaries.

事實據加拿大銀行家協會發言人所述目前計有十五家美國銀行以分行或子公司之形態於加拿大境內營運

Experts note that certain restrictions may impede American banks' competitiveness in the Canadian market, yet they still enjoy unimpeded access.

專家指出若干限制或令美國銀行在加拿大市場之競爭備受阻礙惟彼等仍可自由准入

According to the latest data from the Federal Reserve, eight Canadian banks operate within the United States.

依聯準會最新數據觀之有八家加拿大銀行在美國營運

The Bank of Canada, however, is not among themit serves as Canada's central bank, functionally equivalent to the U.S. Federal Reserve, rather than a commercial enterprise.

加拿大銀行則不在此列——其乃加拿大之中央銀行職能相當於美國之聯準會而非商業企業

"I contend that a measure of the confusion stems, in essence, from the fundamental disparities between the regulatory frameworks of the United States and Canada," expounded James Thompson, a professor of finance at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada.

我認為若干混淆實則源於美加兩國監管體系之間根本性差異,」加拿大安大略省滑鐵盧大學金融學教授詹姆斯·湯普森如是闡述

"American banks are indeed permitted to operate within Canadian territory; nevertheless, the strategic trajectory they elect for entering the Canadian market will directly circumscribe both the scope and the profundity of their business expansion."

美國銀行確實獲准於加拿大境內營運然而進入加拿大市場的戰略路徑選擇,直接制約其業務拓展範疇深度。」

The architecture of the Canadian banking system can be delineated into three principal categoriesSchedule I, Schedule II, and Schedule IIIwherein Schedule I pertains exclusively to domestically incorporated financial institutions.

加拿大銀行體系之架構可細分為三大類別——附表I附表II附表III其中附表I專指於本土註冊之金融機構

Within this category reside six major banks, whose aggregate assets astonishingly surpass the combined holdings of the remaining twenty-eight smaller domestic banksa phenomenon that stands as unequivocal testament to the sector's pronounced concentration and underscores the distinctive contours of the nation's financial landscape.

此類別下共有六家主要銀行其合併資產總額竟凌駕於國內其餘二十八家規模較小銀行之資產總和之上此一現象實乃該國銀行業高度集中之明證亦凸顯其金融版圖之獨特格局

Foreign entities may elect to operate in the form of Schedule II or Schedule III banks.

外國實體可選擇以附表II或附表III銀行之形態營運

Schedule II banks are foreign-owned subsidiaries registered in Canada and, in principle, are subject to the same banking framework regulations as domestic banks.

附表II銀行係於加拿大註冊之外資子公司原則上受與本國銀行相同之銀行架構規範所約束

Schedule III banks, by contrast, are branches of foreign banks registered in Canada that lack Canadian legal personality and are therefore obliged to endure regulatory constraints, such as higher deposit thresholds.

附表III銀行則為在加拿大註冊之外國銀行分行不具加拿大法人資格故須承受諸如較高存款門檻等監管限制

The majority of American-owned banks operate within Canada as Schedule III institutions.

多數美資銀行乃以附表III機構之身分於加拿大境內運作

Nathalie Bergeron, spokesperson for the Canadian Bankers Association, articulated that the combined assets of American banking branches and their affiliated entities operating within Canada approximate one hundred and twenty-four billion Canadian dollars (equivalent to ninety point one billion US dollars), a figure constituting more than half of the aggregate assets held by foreign banks across their Canadian subsidiaries and branches.

加拿大銀行家協會發言人納塔莉·貝熱龍闡述道在加拿大境內運營美國銀行分行及其附屬機構,其合併資產總額約莫一千二百四十億加元折合九百零一億美元),此一數額外國銀行於加拿大子公司及分行所持有資產總值半數有餘

"These banks are dedicated to delivering comprehensive financial services encompassing corporate and commercial lending, treasury services, credit card products, investment banking, and mortgage financing," she elaborated.

此等銀行專注於涵蓋企業及商業貸款國庫服務信用卡產品投資銀行業務抵押貸款融資等範疇之綜合金融服務,」她闡述道

"They not only cater to clientele engaged in cross-border commercial activities but also concurrently cultivate a broad customer base within Canada's domestic retail market."

彼等不僅服務跨境商業活動之客戶群同時深耕加拿大國內零售市場之廣大客層。」

The principal American financial institutions operating within Canadaincluding JPMorgan Chase, Citibank, Bank of America, Capital One, and Wells Fargohave established formidable presences here, their expansive operational footprints serving as a testament to their pivotal standing within the North American financial architecture.

在加拿大境内运营的主要美国金融机构包括摩根大通银行花旗银行美国银行第一资本富国银行在此地设有举足轻重的分支机构业务版图之广足以彰显其在北美金融体系中核心地位

Owing to the constraints imposed by Canada's banking regulatory framework, both Schedule II and Schedule III banks are subject to corresponding restrictions.

由於加拿大銀行業監管框架的制約附表II與附表III銀行均受到相應限制

Jeremy Kronick, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian think tank C.D. Howe Institute and a preeminent scholar in the fields of finance and monetary policy, elucidated that Schedule III banks are precluded from accepting deposits below CAD 150,000 (approximately USD 72,529), a threshold that effectively renders them inaccessible as retail banking institutions for the vast majority of the populace.

加拿大智庫C.D. Howe研究所主席兼執行長金融與貨幣政策領域的權威學者傑里米·克羅尼克闡釋道附表III銀行不得受理低於15萬加元約合7萬2529美元)的存款業務,此一門檻意味著絕大多數民眾無法將其作為零售銀行使用

He further expounded that, given the legal independence of Schedule II banks from their foreign parent entities, such institutions are compelled to construct their own domestic capital structures and liquidity frameworksa strategic choice that, from the vantage point of banking operations, constitutes a markedly inefficient approach.

進一步補充鑑於附表II銀行在法律層面上與其外國母公司相互獨立,此類機構必須自行建構在地資本結構與流動性體系——就銀行營運的視角而言此乃效率低下的策略選擇

Such regulatory shackles are likely the fundamental impediment that dissuades the majority of American banks from venturing into the Canadian market.

此類監管桎梏恐係多數美資銀行選擇不涉足加拿大市場根本癥結

According to statistics from the Federal Reserve, the total number of commercial banks domiciled in the United States exceeds 3,700, yet merely a paltry fifteen operate within Canadian territory.

據聯準會統計數據顯示美國本土商業銀行總數三千七百家於加拿大境內營運者區區十五家而已。

"Canada constitutes a relatively circumscribed market, and the incumbent Canadian banking institutions have already ascended to positions of formidable scale, commanding deeply entrenched brand reputations, an extensively ramified branch network, and client relationships of enduring resilience," Thompson remarked.

加拿大一相對狹隘之市場現存之加拿大銀行業者已然躋身規模宏鉅之列坐擁根深蒂固之品牌聲譽綿密廣佈之分行網絡,以及歷久彌堅之客戶紐帶,」湯普森如是道

"For American banking entities aspiring to venture into this domain, the requisite infrastructure necessary to vie for the Canadian retail clientele would entail prohibitive expenditure, whilst the market share attainable during the nascent phase would merely secure a marginal foothold within an already comparatively constrained arena."

對於意欲涉足此域之美資銀行言,欲構築足以與加拿大零售客戶群競爭之必要基建,其耗費將極為可觀,而初始階段所能斬獲之市場份額亦僅能這已然相對有限之市場佔據區區一隅。」

The White House has, as of yet, proffered no immediate response to the requests for commentary proffered in this regard.

白宮迄今尚未相關置評請求作出任何即時回應

This report was initially published on September 3, 2026, and subsequently revised on September 8 of the same year, with the aim of rectifying the asset figures pertaining to the branches and subsidiaries of American banks operating within Canada.

此報導最初刊載於2026年9月3日嗣於同年9月8日修訂旨在更正加拿大境內美國銀行分行及子公司資產數據

Their aggregate assets amount to approximately $90.1 billion, a figure that fluctuates in accordance with exchange rate movements, rather than the $904 million as previously stated.

彼等總資產約莫為901億美元其數額隨匯率波動而異而非原先所述9.04億美元

September 8th, 2026

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