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Fact check: Trump claims U.S. banks cannot operate in Canada — this assertion is incorrect.

Fact check: Trump claims U.S. banks cannot operate in Canada — this assertion is incorrect.

C1🇹🇼 中文🇺🇸 English

September 8th, 2026

Fact check: Trump claims U.S. banks cannot operate in Canada — this assertion is incorrect.

C1
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

When questioned on Wednesday about the trade dispute with Canada, President Donald Trump erroneously asserted that American banks were barred from conducting business with their northern neighbor.

在週三被問及與加拿大的貿易衝突時,總統唐納德·川普錯誤地宣稱美國銀行被禁止與其北方鄰國進行商業往來

The allegation was made during a meeting with senior figures from the American tourism industry in the Oval Office at the White House, when a journalist asked Trump whether there were any plans to resume trade negotiations between the two countries.

這項指控是在白宮橢圓形辦公室與美國旅遊業高層會晤時提出的,當時一名記者詢問川普,兩國之間是否有重啟貿易談判的計劃。

Experts point out that although American banks may encounter certain operational constraints in Canada, they are not explicitly prohibited from conducting business there.

專家指出,儘管美國銀行在加拿大可能遭遇若干營運上的制約,但並未受到明文禁止而無法在當地開展業務。

The following is an exhaustive analysis of the facts.

以下事實詳盡分析

Trump: "They have banks herethe Bank of Canada, and all their major banks, which are institutions of considerable scale and remarkable repute.

川普:「他們在這裡設有銀行——加拿大銀行以及他們所有的大型銀行都是規模宏大且體面非凡的機構。

To my knowledge, they operate six or seven principal banks in this location.

據我所知他們在此地六、七家主要銀行

We, however, do not have our own banks operating there.

我們在當地沒有我們的銀行

Do you know why that is?

你知道為什麼

Because they do not permit it."

因為他們不允許。」

Fact: according to a spokesperson for the Canadian Bankers Association, fifteen American banks currently operate in Canada as branches or subsidiaries.

事實據加拿大銀行家協會發言人所述目前有十五家美國銀行以分行或子公司的型態在加拿大營運

Experts point out that, although certain restrictions may significantly hamper American banks' competitiveness in the Canadian market, they are still free to enter it.

專家指出儘管若干限制可能使美國銀行在加拿大市場的競爭備受阻礙但它們仍可自由進入該市場

According to the latest Federal Reserve data, eight Canadian banks operate within the United States.

根據聯準會最新數據,則有八家加拿大銀行在美國境內運作

Notably, the Bank of Canada is not included among themthat institution is in fact Canada's central bank, whose status is equivalent to the U.S. Federal Reserve, rather than a commercial corporate entity.

值得注意的是加拿大銀行並未包含其中——該機構實為加拿大的中央銀行其地位相當於美國的聯準會而非商業性質的企業實體

"I believe some of the confusion genuinely stems from the differences between the regulatory frameworks of the United States and Canada," said James Thompson, a professor of finance at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada.

我認為部分困惑實源自美加兩國監管體系的差異,」加拿大安大略省滑鐵盧大學金融學教授詹姆斯·湯普森

"American banks are indeed permitted to operate in Canada, but the manner in which they choose to enter the Canadian market will influence what they are able to do."

美國銀行確實被允許在加拿大營運他們選擇進入加拿大市場的方式會影響他們能做的事情。」

The Canadian banking system is divided into three main categoriesSchedule I, Schedule II, and Schedule III.

加拿大銀行體系分為三大類別——附表I附表II附表III

Domestic banks fall under Schedule I, with the combined assets of the six major institutions exceeding the total of the remaining twenty-eight smaller banks.

本土銀行屬於附表I其中六家主要機構合併資產總額超過其餘二十八家較小銀行總和

Foreign entities may opt to operate as either Schedule II or Schedule III banks.

外國實體可選擇以附表II或附表III銀行形式營運

Schedule II banks are foreign-owned subsidiaries incorporated in Canada, and as such they are subject to essentially the same regulatory banking framework as domestic banks.

附表II銀行是在加拿大註冊的外資子公司基本上受與本國銀行相同的銀行架構監管。

Schedule III banks, by contrast, are branches of foreign banks registered in Canada that lack separate Canadian legal personality, and are consequently bound by regulatory constraints such as higher deposit thresholds.

附表III銀行則為在加拿大註冊的外國銀行分行不具加拿大法人資格因此須面對高存款門檻等監管限制

The majority of American-owned banks operate in Canada as Schedule III institutions.

多數美資銀行以附表III機構形式在加拿大營運

Nathalie Bergeron, spokesperson for the Canadian Bankers Association, noted that the combined assets of American bank branches and their subsidiaries operating within Canada amount to approximately CAD 124 billion (equivalent to USD 90.1 billion), a figure that represents more than half of the total assets held by foreign bank subsidiaries and branches.

加拿大銀行家協會發言人納塔莉·貝熱龍指出在加拿大境內營運的美國銀行分行及其子公司,其合併資產總額約達1240億加元折合901億美元),此數額外國銀行子公司與分行所持有總資產半數以上

"These banks focus on offering a range of financial services, including corporate and commercial lending, treasury services, credit card products, investment banking, and mortgage financing," she said.

這些銀行專注於提供一系列金融服務包括企業商業貸款國庫服務信用卡產品投資銀行抵押貸款融資,」她說

"They serve not only clients engaged in cross-border commercial activities but also the domestic retail market in Canada."

它們不僅服務跨境商業活動的客戶服務加拿大國內零售市場。」

The principal American banking institutions operating in Canada include JPMorgan Chase, Citibank, Bank of America, Capital One, and Wells Fargo.

在加拿大營運的主要美國銀行機構包括摩根大通銀行花旗銀行、美國銀行、第一資本富國銀行

Canadian banking regulations impose restrictions on both Schedule II and Schedule III banks.

加拿大銀行法規附表II附表III銀行設有限制

Jeremy Kronick, president and CEO of the Canadian think tank C.D. Howe Institute and an expert in financial and monetary policy, explains that Schedule III banks are prohibited from accepting deposits below CAD 150,000 (approximately USD 72,529), rendering them inaccessible as retail banks for most individuals.

加拿大智庫C.D. Howe研究所主席執行長金融貨幣政策專家傑里米·克羅尼克解釋附表III銀行不得接受低於15萬加元7萬2529美元的存款因此多數人無法將其用作零售銀行

He adds that Schedule II banks, being separate legal entities from their foreign parent companies, must independently establish local capital and liquidity structures, which, from a banking perspective, makes this arrangement less efficient.

補充附表II銀行作為外國母公司獨立法律實體自行建立當地資本流動性結構從銀行角度而言此安排效率較低

Such regulatory constraints are likely the pivotal factor behind most American banks' decision to steer clear of the Canadian market.

此類監管限制極可能多數美資銀行選擇不涉足加拿大市場關鍵因素

According to Federal Reserve data, there are over 3,700 commercial banks in the United States proper, yet only fifteen operate within Canada's borders.

依據聯準會統計美國本土商業銀行總數逾三千七百家然而在加拿大境內營運者僅有十五家

"The Canadian market is relatively limited, and the existing domestic banks are already large-scale institutions with solid brands, extensive branch networks, and long-standing customer relationships," Thompson said.

加拿大市場相對有限現有的本國銀行已是規模龐大的機構擁有穩固的品牌廣泛的分行網絡長期的客戶關係,」湯普森說

"For American banks contemplating entry, building the necessary infrastructure to compete for Canadian retail customers would be prohibitively expensive, and initially they could only capture a minuscule share in such a constrained market."

對於考慮進入的美國銀行而言,建立必要基礎設施以競爭加拿大零售客戶將成本高昂初期在如此有限的市場中僅能取得極小份額。」

The White House has not yet issued any response to the request for comment.

白宮尚未置評請求作出任何回應

This report was initially published on September 3, 2026, and subsequently updated on September 8 of the same year to rectify the asset figures pertaining to the branches and subsidiaries of American banks operating in Canada.

這則報導最初於2026年9月3日發布,並於同年9月8日更新以修正加拿大營運的美國銀行分行及子公司之資產數據

Their aggregate assets amount to approximately $90.1 billion, the precise figure being contingent upon exchange rates, rather than the $904 million previously cited.

其總資產約為901億美元實際數額取決於匯率而非先前所載的9.04億美元

September 8th, 2026

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