Trump: "They have banks here — the Bank of Canada, and all their major banks, which are institutions of considerable scale and remarkable repute.
川普:「他們在這裡設有銀行——加拿大銀行,以及他們所有的大型銀行,都是規模宏大且體面非凡的機構。
To my knowledge, they operate six or seven principal banks in this location.
據我所知,他們在此地有六、七家主要銀行。
We, however, do not have our own banks operating there.
我們在當地卻沒有我們的銀行。
Do you know why that is?
你知道為什麼嗎?
Because they do not permit it."
因為他們不允許。」
Fact: according to a spokesperson for the Canadian Bankers Association, fifteen American banks currently operate in Canada as branches or subsidiaries.
事實:據加拿大銀行家協會發言人所述,目前有十五家美國銀行以分行或子公司的型態在加拿大營運。
Experts point out that, although certain restrictions may significantly hamper American banks' competitiveness in the Canadian market, they are still free to enter it.
專家指出,儘管若干限制可能使美國銀行在加拿大市場的競爭備受阻礙,但它們仍可自由進入該市場。
According to the latest Federal Reserve data, eight Canadian banks operate within the United States.
根據聯準會最新數據,則有八家加拿大銀行在美國境內運作。
Notably, the Bank of Canada is not included among them — that institution is in fact Canada's central bank, whose status is equivalent to the U.S. Federal Reserve, rather than a commercial corporate entity.
值得注意的是,加拿大銀行並未包含其中——該機構實為加拿大的中央銀行,其地位相當於美國的聯準會,而非商業性質的企業實體。
"I believe some of the confusion genuinely stems from the differences between the regulatory frameworks of the United States and Canada," said James Thompson, a professor of finance at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada.
「我認為部分困惑實源自美加兩國監管體系的差異,」加拿大安大略省滑鐵盧大學金融學教授詹姆斯·湯普森說。
"American banks are indeed permitted to operate in Canada, but the manner in which they choose to enter the Canadian market will influence what they are able to do."
「美國銀行確實被允許在加拿大營運,但他們選擇進入加拿大市場的方式會影響他們能做的事情。」
The Canadian banking system is divided into three main categories—Schedule I, Schedule II, and Schedule III.
加拿大銀行體系分為三大類別——附表I、附表II及附表III。
Domestic banks fall under Schedule I, with the combined assets of the six major institutions exceeding the total of the remaining twenty-eight smaller banks.
本土銀行屬於附表I,其中六家主要機構的合併資產總額超過其餘二十八家較小銀行的總和。
Foreign entities may opt to operate as either Schedule II or Schedule III banks.
外國實體可選擇以附表II或附表III銀行形式營運。
Schedule II banks are foreign-owned subsidiaries incorporated in Canada, and as such they are subject to essentially the same regulatory banking framework as domestic banks.
附表II銀行是在加拿大註冊的外資子公司,基本上受與本國銀行相同的銀行架構監管。
Schedule III banks, by contrast, are branches of foreign banks registered in Canada that lack separate Canadian legal personality, and are consequently bound by regulatory constraints such as higher deposit thresholds.
附表III銀行則為在加拿大註冊的外國銀行分行,不具加拿大法人資格,因此須面對高存款門檻等監管限制。
The majority of American-owned banks operate in Canada as Schedule III institutions.
多數美資銀行以附表III機構形式在加拿大營運。
Nathalie Bergeron, spokesperson for the Canadian Bankers Association, noted that the combined assets of American bank branches and their subsidiaries operating within Canada amount to approximately CAD 124 billion (equivalent to USD 90.1 billion), a figure that represents more than half of the total assets held by foreign bank subsidiaries and branches.
加拿大銀行家協會發言人納塔莉·貝熱龍指出,在加拿大境內營運的美國銀行分行及其子公司,其合併資產總額約達1240億加元(折合901億美元),此數額佔外國銀行子公司與分行所持有總資產的半數以上。
"These banks focus on offering a range of financial services, including corporate and commercial lending, treasury services, credit card products, investment banking, and mortgage financing," she said.
「這些銀行專注於提供一系列金融服務,包括企業和商業貸款、國庫服務、信用卡產品、投資銀行及抵押貸款融資,」她說。
"They serve not only clients engaged in cross-border commercial activities but also the domestic retail market in Canada."
「它們不僅服務跨境商業活動的客戶,也服務加拿大國內零售市場。」
Canadian banking regulations impose restrictions on both Schedule II and Schedule III banks.
加拿大銀行法規對附表II和附表III銀行均設有限制。
Jeremy Kronick, president and CEO of the Canadian think tank C.D. Howe Institute and an expert in financial and monetary policy, explains that Schedule III banks are prohibited from accepting deposits below CAD 150,000 (approximately USD 72,529), rendering them inaccessible as retail banks for most individuals.
加拿大智庫C.D. Howe研究所主席兼執行長、金融與貨幣政策專家傑里米·克羅尼克解釋,附表III銀行不得接受低於15萬加元(約7萬2529美元)的存款,因此多數人無法將其用作零售銀行。
He adds that Schedule II banks, being separate legal entities from their foreign parent companies, must independently establish local capital and liquidity structures, which, from a banking perspective, makes this arrangement less efficient.
他補充,附表II銀行作為外國母公司的獨立法律實體,須自行建立當地資本與流動性結構,從銀行角度而言,此安排效率較低。
Such regulatory constraints are likely the pivotal factor behind most American banks' decision to steer clear of the Canadian market.
此類監管限制,極可能是多數美資銀行選擇不涉足加拿大市場的關鍵因素。
According to Federal Reserve data, there are over 3,700 commercial banks in the United States proper, yet only fifteen operate within Canada's borders.
依據聯準會統計,美國本土商業銀行總數逾三千七百家,然而在加拿大境內營運者,僅有十五家。
"The Canadian market is relatively limited, and the existing domestic banks are already large-scale institutions with solid brands, extensive branch networks, and long-standing customer relationships," Thompson said.
「加拿大市場相對有限,而現有的本國銀行已是規模龐大的機構,擁有穩固的品牌、廣泛的分行網絡及長期的客戶關係,」湯普森說。
"For American banks contemplating entry, building the necessary infrastructure to compete for Canadian retail customers would be prohibitively expensive, and initially they could only capture a minuscule share in such a constrained market."
「對於考慮進入的美國銀行而言,建立必要基礎設施以競爭加拿大零售客戶將成本高昂,且初期在如此有限的市場中僅能取得極小份額。」
This report was initially published on September 3, 2026, and subsequently updated on September 8 of the same year to rectify the asset figures pertaining to the branches and subsidiaries of American banks operating in Canada.
這則報導最初於2026年9月3日發布,並於同年9月8日更新,以修正加拿大營運的美國銀行分行及子公司之資產數據。
Their aggregate assets amount to approximately $90.1 billion, the precise figure being contingent upon exchange rates, rather than the $904 million previously cited.
其總資產約為901億美元,實際數額取決於匯率,而非先前所載的9.04億美元。