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China Begins Regulating Tech Exports, Including AI, Citing National Security Risks

China Begins Regulating Tech Exports, Including AI, Citing National Security Risks

C1🇯🇵 日本語 → 🇺🇸 English

October 19th, 2026

China Begins Regulating Tech Exports, Including AI, Citing National Security Risks

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Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

On Friday, as technological competition with countries including the United States intensifies, China revealed plans to restrict or ban exports of 40 technologies spanning artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and solar power generation.

中国は金曜日、アメリカを含む各国との技術競争が激化する中で、人工知能、半導体、太陽光発電にわたる40の技術について、輸出を制限または禁止する計画を明らかにした。

The Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly published a draft document containing a proposed update to the catalogue of Chinese technologies subject to export bans or restrictions.

商務部と科学技術部は共同で、輸出禁止または制限の対象となる中国技術カタログの更新案を盛り込んだ文書の草案を公表した。

In a statement, the spokesperson for the Ministry of Commerce said that this measure was "necessary," citing national security as one of the reasons.

商務部の報道官は声明において、この措置は「必要」であると述べ、その理由の一つとして国家安全保障を挙げた。

This proposal was put forward as China and the United States made progress on dialogue concerning AI safety and governance, as well as on establishing a notification mechanism between the two superpowers regarding AI incidents that could threaten national security.

この提案は、中国とアメリカが、AIの安全性とガバナンスに関する対話、および国家安全保障を脅かすおそれのあるAIインシデントに関する両超大国間の通知メカニズムの設置について進展を見せた中で出された。

Two Chinese provinces said that the list published on Friday covers 23 artificial intelligence technologies, ranging from advanced large-scale models to agents.

中国两省表示,周五公布的清单涵盖23项人工智能技术,从先进的大规模模型到智能体,均在列。

Over the past few years, US-led export controls have curbed the outflow of certain advanced technologies to China.

アメリカ主導の輸出規制はここ数年にわたり、一部の先端技術が中国へ流出するのを抑えてきた。

As a result, China has been cut off from access to the world's most advanced AI chips and the sophisticated semiconductor manufacturing equipment used to produce them.

その結果、中国は世界で最も先端的なAIチップや、それらを製造する高度な半導体製造装置へのアクセスを断たれている。

Under China's proposal, the export of core technologies for large-scale AI models trained on highly confidential state data would be banned, and AI agents intended for use in extremely sensitive environments such as national defense and critical information infrastructure would also be prohibited.

中国の提案では、機密性の高い国家データを用いて訓練されたAI大規模モデルの中核技術の輸出が禁止されるほか、国防や重要情報インフラといった極めて機密性の高い環境での使用を目的としたAIエージェントも禁止される。

A statement from the Ministry of Commerce says, "The Chinese government is implementing these necessary measures with the aim of strengthening the minimum baseline of security, preventing misuse and abuse, and ensuring that AI remains under human control."

商務部の声明は、「中国政府は、安全保障の最低ラインを強化し、誤用や悪用を防ぎ、AIが人間の管理下に留まることを確保する目的で、こうした必要な措置を実施している」と述べている。

On the other hand, AI models whose parameter count reaches two trillion or more, or which possess certain world-leading capabilities, may have their exports restricted.

一方で、パラメータ数が2兆以上に達する場合、あるいは世界をリードする特定の能力を備えるAIモデルについては、その輸出が制限される可能性がある。

The parameter count of an AI model is nothing less than a key indicator reflecting its learning capacity.

AIモデルのパラメータ数は、その学習能力を反映する重要な指標にほかならない。

Among those exceeding two trillion parameters — including Moonshot's Kimi K3 and Alibaba's Qwen 3.8-Max — are Chinese AI models, yet Friday's proposal does not name any specific models.

MoonshotのKimi K3やAlibabaのQwen 3.8-Maxを含め、パラメータ数が2兆を超えるものの中には中国のAIモデルが含まれているが、金曜日の提案においては特定のモデル名は挙げられていない。

Several chip design technologies are covered by the proposed export restrictions, including some technologies intended for AI processing chips and memory chips.

複数のチップ設計技術が輸出制限案の対象に含まれており、その中には一部のAI処理チップやメモリチップ向けの技術も含まれている。

It also includes 12 solar power-related technologies, among them technologies involved in the production of polysilicon, a core raw material in the solar supply chain, as well as five biomedical technologies, including those related to cell and gene therapy.

また、太陽光サプライチェーンの核心的な原材料であるポリシリコンの製造に関わる技術を含む12の太陽光発電関連技術や、細胞・遺伝子治療に関連するものを含む5つの生物医学技術も含まれている。

Lian Jye Su, chief analyst at the technology research and advisory group Omdia, said this move "can be seen as a response to Western countries imposing sovereignty requirements on AI, robotics, communications and other critical technologies."

この動きは「AI、ロボティクス、通信、その他の重要技術に関して、西洋諸国が主権要件を課していることへの対応と見ることができる」と、技術調査・助言グループOmdiaのチーフアナリスト、Lian Jye Su氏は述べた。

He believes the aim is to regulate access to Chinese technology more appropriately.

同氏は、その狙いが中国技術へのアクセスをより適切に規制することにあると考えている。

In June, citing national security concerns, the US Department of Commerce asked Anthropic to prohibit foreign nationals from using Fable 5 and Mythos 5, two of the company's most powerful AI models, though this restriction was later lifted.

アメリカ商務省は6月、国家安全保障上の懸念を理由に、Anthropicに対し、外国籍の人物が同社の最も強力なAIモデルの一部であるFable 5とMythos 5を使用することを禁じるよう要請したが、この制限は後に解除された。

Gary Ng, a senior economist at the French bank Natixis, added that AI is becoming increasingly strategic for both China and the United States.

AIは中国とアメリカの双方にとってますます戦略的なものになっている、とフランスの銀行ナティクシスのシニアエコノミスト、Gary Ng氏は付け加えた。

"The world is becoming increasingly fragmented in trade and investment, and also in access to technology," Ng said.

「世界は貿易と投資において、そして技術へのアクセスにおいても、より分断化が進んでいる」とNg氏は述べた。

October 19th, 2026

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