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For a century, journalists have adhered to a voluntary code of ethics, and editors are now crafting an innovative version of it for the age of AI.

For a century, journalists have adhered to a voluntary code of ethics, and editors are now crafting an innovative version of it for the age of AI.

C1🇹🇼 中文🇺🇸 English

September 1st, 2026

For a century, journalists have adhered to a voluntary code of ethics, and editors are now crafting an innovative version of it for the age of AI.

C1
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

Venturing into a secluded corner of a newsroom, you will often discern it posted on the bulletin board, perhaps discreetly emerging from behind the coffee pot: that is the code of ethics established by the professional journalists' association.

步入某間新聞編輯室的僻靜角落,你往往能察覺張貼於佈告欄之上,或許自咖啡壺後方悄然顯露那是專業記者協會所訂定的道德規範

The entire text, comprising fewer than a thousand characters, is sufficiently concise to be neatly displayed on a single poster.

全文不足千字足以工整地陳列於一張海報之中

These wordsthough structured around four key journalistic principlesare of such significance that Dan Axelrod has declared they might well prove to be the key to saving our democratic system.

這些文字——雖以四項關鍵新聞原則為架構——其重要性足以讓丹·阿克塞爾羅德宣稱它們或許能成為拯救我們民主體制的關鍵

"Let me be blunt," said Axelrod, chair of the SPJ Ethics Committee and a former longtime business reporter for Gannett.

我就直說了,」阿克塞爾羅德說他是SPJ道德委員會主席,曾任甘尼特公司長期商業記者

"This is how we safeguard democracy.

這是保護民主的方式

This is how we protect society.

這是保護社會的方式

A society without journalists is left entirely to the grace of God."

沒有記者的社會全憑上帝恩典。」

Axelrod not only addressed the existence of the norms but also underscored the necessity of updating them from time to time.

阿克塞爾羅德不僅論及規範的存在強調不時更新的必要性

This is a time-consuming process, taking roughly a year, and entails countless hours of online or in-person meetings and feedback.

一個耗時的過程約需一年涉及無數小時線上或實體會議與反饋

However, as the media landscape evolves almost daily and emerging technologies proliferate, SPJ has deemed the moment ripethis being the first such move in twelve years and only the sixth in its century-long history of guidelines.

然而隨著媒體格局幾乎日新月異,新興科技層出不窮SPJ認定時機已然成熟——此乃十二年來首度之舉亦為其規範百年歷史中僅見的第六次

The gravity of this undertaking prompted the committee and other media ethics experts to convene in Indianapolis in June, following a series of online meetings.

這項工作的嚴肅性促使委員會和其他媒體倫理專家在六月齊聚印第安納波利斯此前已進行多次線上會議

It hardly seemed the most relaxing way to spend a weekend.

看來這並非度過週末最輕鬆的方式

"The fluctuations in emotion are bound to become more intense," Axelrod remarked.

情緒的波動勢必趨於劇烈,」阿克塞爾羅德如是說

"Well, no physical altercation broke out," quipped his colleague Chris Roberts, who serves as vice chair of the committee and a professor of journalism at the University of Alabama.

,並未爆發肢體衝突,」他的同事克里斯·羅伯茨打趣道此人身兼委員會副主席阿拉巴馬大學新聞學教授之職。

He further elaborated that the process involved "a great deal of verbal sparring."

進一步闡釋箇中經歷了大量的文字錘鍊」。

The results showed that no white smoke emerged; instead, a 967-word draft regulation was produced, exceeding the current one by 73 words.

結果顯示:並未產生白煙,然而卻誕生了一份長達967字的規範草案,較現行規範多出73字。

Yet why was this update necessary?

然而為何需要進行此番更新

The primary reasonunsurprisinglyis the rapid ascent of artificial intelligence.

首要原因——毫不意外——是人工智能的迅速崛起

"We are carefully considering artificial intelligence and its application in news organizations, sometimes even involving misuse," Roberts said, "because they face this new technology, which, while it can save expenses, could also give rise to numerous problems if not employed effectively and ethically."

我們正在審慎考量人工智能及其在新聞機構中的應用有時甚至涉及濫用,」羅伯茨說,「因為他們面對這項新技術雖能節省開支,但若未能有效且合乎道德地運用也會引發諸多問題。」

Another thorny aspect lies in the very definition of the term "professional journalist."

另一個棘手的層面在於「專業記者」此一術語本身的定義

In recent years, the number of independent, so-called "creator journalists" has surged dramatically, and the SPJ contends that they should likewise be bound by the relevant codes of conduct.

近年來獨立所謂的「創作者記者」數量大幅攀升SPJ主張他們同樣應受相關規範的約束

(As always, these codes are voluntary guidelines and carry no binding force.)

一如往常這些規範屬於自願性質指引並不具備強制效力。)

This field is confronting a fundamental existential threatthe ongoing erosion of public trust in the mediaand addressing this crisis has become a critically important strategic objective.

此領域正面臨一項根本性的存續威脅公眾對媒體信任度的持續侵蝕化解此危機已成為至關重要的戰略目標

"We are talking about a world where trust in us is no longer what it once was," Roberts said.

我們所談的,是一個對我們的信任已不如從前世界,」羅伯茨說

"We refer to those politicians and others who go to great lengths to suppress journalism, precisely because it dares to expose their shortcomings.

我們指的是那些政客與其他人他們極力打壓新聞業因為新聞業敢於揭露他們的缺點

At the same time, the business model of journalism has undergone a profound financial transformation, and today a third of journalists no longer work within traditional news organizations."

同時新聞業的商業模式在財務上經歷了巨大變化,如今有三分之一的記者不在傳統新聞機構工作。」

"All of this, and more, constitutes ample reason for us to reassess," he remarked,

凡此種種乃至更多皆為促使我們重新審視的充分理由,」他說道

"It also serves as a reminder to the world that certain standards ought to serve as universally upheld benchmarks, regardless of whether one professes to be a journalist or operates on any type of platform."

同時亦提醒世人某些標準理應成為普世遵循的標竿無論你是否自詡為記者,抑或身處何種平台類型。」

Founded in 1909, SPJ brings together approximately four thousand members nationwide.

SPJ創立於1909年在全國範圍內匯聚了約四千名成員

The organization adopted its first code of professional ethics in 1926, subsequently established an ethics committee in 1948, and has revised the code five times sincewith the most recent revision occurring in 2014.

該組織於1926年採納了其首部職業道德規範隨後在1948年設立了道德委員會先後五次對該規範進行修訂——最近一次修訂則發生在2014年

Four enduring core principles: "Seek truth and report it." "Minimize harm." "Act independently, free from undue influence." "Be accountable and transparent."

四項恆久不變核心原則:「探求真相如實報導。」「竭力減少傷害。」「獨立行事不受牽制。」「承擔責任坦然透明。」

Nevertheless, in numerous other respects, transformation has already taken place.

然而在其他诸多方面变革已然发生。

The report accompanying the draft notes that, as the industry contracts, positions in traditional newsrooms are progressively diminishing.

草案所附报告指出随着行业日渐萎缩传统新闻编辑室工作岗位正逐步减少

Concurrently, the report underscores a marked increase in the number of citizen journalists, freelance writers, online opinion leaders, and commentators.

与此同时报告亦强调公民记者自由撰稿人网络意见领袖评论员数量显著增长

Citing survey data from the Pew Research Center, the report reveals that fully one-third of journalists in 2023 were freelancers or self-employed.

该报告援引皮尤研究中心调查数据显示2023年有整整三分之一记者为自由职业或自雇人士

The report further notes that the presence of news media as a supervisory institution is increasingly waning, while "individuals, organizations, and private investors lacking a professional journalism background, upon acquiring or establishing news assets, are able to influence news coverage, interfere with editorial policies, and thereby advance their personal political agendas."

該報告進一步指出作為監督機構的新聞媒體其存在感日益式微同時缺乏新聞專業背景的個人組織私人投資者在收購或創辦新聞資產後,得以左右新聞報導內容干預編輯方針並藉此推行其個人政治議程。」

SPJ pointed out that the rapid rise of generative artificial intelligence and other emerging technologieswhether in the field of journalism or other domainshas raised ethical concerns.

SPJ指出生成式人工智能及其他新興科技的迅速崛起——無論在新聞領域還是其他範疇——引發了倫理問題

Consequently, a newly added line asserts: "Bear in mind that neither speed, technology, nor medium may serve as a pretext for inaccuracy or injustice. Journalists bear an ethical responsibility for their work, irrespective of the tools and technologies employed."

因此新增的一行文字如此陳述:「切記速度技術媒介皆不得成為失實不公之託辭記者對其工作負有倫理責任無論所採用的工具與技術為何。」

In short, accountability rests with the journalists themselves, even if artificial intelligence may have something to say.

簡言之責任歸屬於記者本身縱使人工智能可能有所言說

"We should not allow people to use technology as an excuse, claiming that they are unable to produce content in an ethical and transparent manner," Roberts stated.

我們不應容許人們以技術為託辭聲稱自身無法以合乎道德且透明的方式產出內容,」羅伯茨表示

The draft proposalwhich, after the current consultation period, will be put to a broader organisational vote in Octoberdoes not explicitly mention artificial intelligence, referring instead to tools and technologies in general terms to ensure its continued applicability in the face of technological evolution.

該提案草案——在當前徵詢期結束後將於十月交由更廣泛的組織表決——並未明確提及人工智能僅泛指工具與技術以確保其能因應技術演進而持續適用

Furthermore, the draft also addresses issues pertaining to fact-checking, disinformation, crime reporting, and manipulated imagery.

此外草案亦觸及事實核查虛假資訊犯罪報導偽造影像等相關議題

This striking additionalso the focal point of heated public debateis the statement: "Be vigilant and boldly hold those in power accountable. Counteract the unjust marginalization of those with less power."

此一引人注目的補充——亦為眾議沸騰之焦點——即為此句:「警惕勇敢地追究當權者的責任抵消對權力較小者的不公平邊緣化。」

What is intriguing is precisely what it has replaced.

耐人尋味的是究竟取代了什麼

The original text asserts: "Speak for the voiceless."

原文宣稱:「為無聲者發聲。」

This phrasing is called into question because it presupposes that certain groups inherently lack the capacity to voice their own concerns.

此一措辭之所以備受質疑在於預設了某些群體本身缺乏發聲的能力

Committee member Eric Deggans pointed out, "The issue is not that they lack a platform to voice their concerns, but rather that mainstream news media often turn a blind eye to them, or even fail to recognize their existence altogether."

委員會成員埃里克·德格斯指出:「問題不在於他們缺乏發聲的管道而在於主流新聞媒體往往對其視而不見甚至根本未曾察覺其存在。」

"What we aim to convey," Deggansan NPR commentator and professor of media ethics at Washington and Lee Universityremarked, "is that there exists a perspective suggesting certain groups may be marginalized in news coverage... (Journalists) should make concerted efforts to include them in relevant contexts, particularly when doing so enhances the accuracy of the reporting."

我們所欲傳達的是,」德格斯——NPR評論員華盛頓與李大學媒體倫理學教授——如此表示,「存在一種觀點認為某些群體在新聞報導中可能遭到邊緣化……(記者在相關情境下竭力將其納入尤其當此舉能增進報導之精確性時。」

Given the shifting landscape of the industry, one might pose a more macro-level question: can a single set of standards be universally applicable?

鑑於行業生態的變遷人們或許會提出一個更具宏觀視野的疑問一套規範能否放諸四海而皆準

Or will it ultimately devolve into provisions that no one heeds?

抑或它終將淪為無人問津的條文

"We should not shy away from this issue," responded Chris Vaccaro, the current SPJ president, "merely because the industry's ecosystem is undergoing transformation, or because the definition of a journalist is increasingly evolving."

我們不應迴避此一議題,」現任SPJ主席克里斯·瓦卡羅回應道,「僅因行業生態正在轉型抑或記者之定義日趨演變。」

Vaccaro believes that this code, already translated into multiple languages, will be adhered to by many.

瓦卡羅相信這份已譯成多種語言的規範將獲得許多人的遵守。

He remarks that the bulletin board in the newsroom has now become a microcosm of the entire world.

他說新聞編輯室的那塊佈告欄如今已成為整個世界的縮影

"We will never assume that no one will use it, or that no one cares, or that journalism has changed so drastically that it no longer matters," Vaccaro said.

我們絕不會假設無人會使用無人關心,或新聞業劇烈變化不再重要,」瓦卡羅

"It truly matters."

確實重要。」

Deggs stated that he teaches two ethics courses, both of which incorporate the SPJ code as part of their curriculum.

德格斯表示他教授兩門倫理課程而這兩門課程以SPJ規範為學習內容

However, beyond nurturing young journalists, the code has other critical applications.

然而除了培育年輕記者之外該規範尚有其他關鍵性的應用層面

"If you find yourself in a country that has long been under authoritarian rule, or one lacking a deep tradition of press freedom, how do you navigate your way forward?

倘若你身處一個長期實施威權統治、或缺乏深厚新聞自由傳統的國度你該如何釐清運作之道

At that point, you would turn to the SPJ code, wouldn't you?"

此時你便會援引SPJ規範不是嗎?」

Deggs hopes that more practicing journalists will delve deeper into this code of ethics.

德格斯期望更多現職記者深入檢視這份規範

Others added: "I hope that those who own news organizations will read this code, as they frequently pressure their staff into unethical conduct, compelling employees to navigate the delicate balance between upholding journalistic integrity and meeting their employers' demands."

還有其他人:「我希望一些擁有新聞機構的人會閱讀這份規範因為他們常常向員工施壓迫使他們做出不道德的行為而員工必須在堅守新聞倫理的同時設法滿足僱主的各種要求。」

September 1st, 2026

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