Employers are widely using digital tools that became common during the pandemic.
雇主正在大量使用疫情期間普及的數位工具。
They use these tools to track workers' locations, productivity, and communication.
他們用這些工具追蹤員工的行蹤、生產力和通訊。
These tools include location tracking, data on task completion rates, and access to cameras on work-issued devices.
這些工具包括位置追蹤、任務完成率數據,以及存取工作配發裝置的相機。
Willineda Negron, research director at the nonprofit Coworker, says employers have always monitored workers.
非營利組織Coworker的研究總監威爾內達·內格隆表示,雇主一直以來都在監控工人。
But advances in artificial intelligence and data science let them build large data sets.
但人工智慧和數據科學的進展,使他們能建立大量數據集。
These data sets are used to punish or predict employee behavior.
這些數據集用來懲罰或預測員工行為。
A survey by Vanderbilt University, Northeastern University, and UC Berkeley found that some common monitoring programs shared workers' personal data with hundreds of outside data companies without clearly telling them. This happened without clear disclosure.
范德堡大學、東北大學和加州大學柏克萊分校的調查發現,一些常見的監控計畫在未明確揭露的情況下,與數百家外部數據公司分享了員工的個人數據。
Pharmacist Laney Chang said her employer tracked her phone calls and how long her appointments took.
藥劑師蘭妮·張說,她的雇主追蹤她的電話和預約時長。
In her performance reviews, they questioned that she spent too much time with each patient.
他們在績效評估中質疑她花在每位病人身上的時間太長。
She felt "distrusted and unappreciated."
她感到「不被信任、不被賞識」。
She finally took medical leave, and after it ended, she was fired.
她最終休了醫療假,並在結束後遭到解僱。
Hayley Tsukayama works at the Electronic Frontier Foundation. She said some workers are fighting back against tools that track how long tasks take.
電子前哨基金會的州事務總監海莉·冢山表示,一些工人正反擊追蹤任務完成時間的工具。
They also question what personal information is being collected.
他們也質疑收集了哪些個人資訊。
Ariana Anaya, who teaches writing at a university, found that administrators were reading student essays and her comments.
在大學教寫作課的阿麗安娜·安納亞發現,管理人員在閱讀學生上傳的文章和她的評論。
Students often write about private topics like abuse and eating disorders.
學生常寫到虐待、飲食失調等私密話題。
A few months later, her teaching contract was not renewed.
幾個月後,她的教學合約沒有續簽。
Experts advise workers to study data collection trends in their industry.
專家建議員工研究所在行業的數據收集趨勢。
They also suggest asking what specific worker data the organization collects.
他們也建議詢問組織收集哪些具體員工數據。
The IT department usually knows if tracking features are on, because they are responsible for turning them on.
資訊技術部門通常知道追蹤功能是否開啟,因為他們負責啟用這些功能。
Experts also advise not to use work devices for family matters or sensitive personal information, like medical conditions.
專家也建議不要使用工作設備處理家庭事務或敏感個人資訊,如醫療狀況。