September is the time when summer turns into autumn.
九月是夏天到秋天的过渡期。
Many gardeners start to pay attention to chrysanthemums.
很多园丁开始关注菊花。
The cushion chrysanthemums often seen in garden centers are classic, but they are not the only choice.
花园中心常见的垫状菊很经典,但并不是唯一的选择。
There are about 40 kinds of wild chrysanthemums in the world.
全球大约有40种野生菊花。
After hundreds of years of growing, people have created thousands of different types.
经过几百年的培育,人们种出了成千上万个品种。
So chrysanthemums have become one of the largest plant families.
菊花因此成为最大的植物家族之一。
The National Chrysanthemum Society divides chrysanthemums into 13 exhibition classes by flower shape.
国家菊花协会按花形把菊花分成13个展览类别。
Many classes are too delicate or need special care, so they are not good for outdoor planting.
很多类别太娇嫩,或者需要专业处理,不适合在户外种植。
However, there are still many beautiful and special types that home gardeners can choose.
不过,还有很多美丽又特别的类型,家庭园丁可以选用。
Most chrysanthemums are perennial plants.
大多数菊花是多年生植物。
If planted early enough, they can bloom year after year.
如果种得够早,它们可以年复一年开花。
When buying perennial chrysanthemums, be careful with "florist mums" sold in supermarkets.
买多年生菊花时,要小心超市卖的“花店菊”。
These flowers are usually only used to decorate for one season.
这些花通常只用来装饰一季。
You should check the label to see if they are hardy.
应该看看标签,确认它们是否耐寒。
When cushion mums bloom, they look like a mat covered with small double flowers.
垫状菊开花时,看起来像铺满小重瓣花的垫子。
The blooming period lasts four to six weeks.
花期有四到六周。
Most varieties are hardy in zones 5 to 9.
多数品种耐寒到5至9区。
Daisy-type mums have a flat central "eye".
雏菊型菊花有平坦的中央“眼”。
Each stem branches out and produces many flowers.
每根茎上分枝,开很多朵花。
Some varieties, like Mammoth, can be hardy down to zone 3.
有些品种,比如Mammoth,可以耐寒到3区。
Fuji mums or spider mums are rare in retail stores.
富士菊或蜘蛛菊在零售店很少见。
But it is worth looking for them at a specialty nursery.
但值得去专业苗圃找一找。
They have long, thin tube-shaped petals that look like spiders.
它们有细长的管状花瓣,看起来像蜘蛛。
The blooming season starts in early November and lasts four to eight weeks.
花期从11月初开始,持续四到八周。
The school mum is the biggest and most colorful member of the family.
返校菊是家族中最大、最艳丽的成员。
The flowers are large, and the petals curve tightly inward.
花朵很大,花瓣紧密向内弯。
In zones 5 to 9, it can be grown as a perennial plant.
在5至9区,它可以作为多年生植物种植。
Chrysanthemums are very important plants in the fall garden.
菊花是秋季花园里很重要的植物。