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Journalists have adhered to voluntary codes of ethics for a century. Editors are now undertaking their reinvention for the age of artificial intelligence.

Journalists have adhered to voluntary codes of ethics for a century. Editors are now undertaking their reinvention for the age of artificial intelligence.

C1🇨🇳 中文🇺🇸 English

September 1st, 2026

Journalists have adhered to voluntary codes of ethics for a century. Editors are now undertaking their reinvention for the age of artificial intelligence.

C1
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

Venturing into the corner of a newsroom, you often catch sight of it pinned to the bulletin board, perhaps peeking out discreetly from behind the coffee potthe code of ethics of the Society of Professional Journalists.

步入某家新闻编辑室的角落常能瞥见张贴于公告栏之上或许咖啡壶悄然探出——职业记者协会的道德准则

The entire text, fewer than a thousand characters in length, fits neatly within the confines of a single poster.

全文不足千字恰好可容于一张海报之幅

Yet Dan Axelrod contends that these words, structured around four pivotal journalistic principles, hold such significance as to constitute a pivotal opportunity for salvaging our democracy.

丹·阿克塞尔罗德断言,这些围绕四大关键新闻原则组织的文字,其重要性足以成为拯救我们民主的契机

"With all due respect," Axelrodchair of the SPJ Ethics Committee and a longtime business reporter at Gannettremarked.

恕我直言,”阿克塞尔罗德——SPJ道德委员会主席曾长期在甘尼特公司担任商业记者——如是说

"This is a way to defend democracy and a means to protect society.

这是捍卫民主的方式也是保护社会的途径

If society lacks journalists, we can only rely on divine providence."

若社会没有记者就只能指望天佑吾人了。”

What Axelrod addressed went far beyond the mere existence of the guidelines, extending to the imperative of periodically updating them.

阿克塞尔罗德所论及的远不止准则本身的存在更在于对其不时加以更新的必要性

This process is quite onerous, consuming roughly a year and entailing countless online and offline meetings, along with an incalculable amount of time devoted to feedback.

这一过程颇为繁重需耗费约一年光景并历经无数线上与线下的会议以及投入于反馈中的难以计数的时光

However, given that the media landscape is evolving almost daily and emerging technologies are proliferating, SPJ has deemed the moment ripethis being the first revision in twelve years and only the sixth update in the code's century-long history.

然而鉴于媒体格局几乎日新月异,新兴技术层出不穷SPJ认定时机已然成熟——这是十二载以来首次修订亦为该准则百年历史上仅有的第六次更新

The gravity of this task compelled the committee, along with other media ethics experts, to convene in Indianapolis in June, following a series of prior consultations conducted via online meetings.

这项任务的严峻性促使委员会与其他媒体伦理专家在六月齐聚印第安纳波利斯此前他们已通过多次线上会议进行磋商。

Clearly, this was by no means a leisurely way to while away a weekend.

显而易见绝非消磨周末时光惬意之选

"The passion has undoubtedly reached a fever pitch," Axelrod remarked.

激情无疑已趋于炽烈,”阿克塞尔罗德如是说

"Well, there was no physical altercation," joked his colleague Chris Roberts, who serves as vice chair of the committee and is also a professor of journalism at the University of Alabama.

并未发生肢体冲突,”他的同事克里斯·罗伯茨打趣道此人委员会副主席,同时担任阿拉巴马大学新闻学教授

He explained, "There was no shortage of careful deliberation over the choice of words."

解释道,“其间不乏大量斟词酌句的功夫。”

In the end, no white smoke emerged, yet a draft guideline of 967 characters had been formulated, exceeding the current version by 73 characters.

结果:未见白烟已形成一份长达967字的准则草案较现行版本多出73字

Yet why must the update take precedence?

然而为何率先进行更新

The primary reasonunquestionablylies in the meteoric rise of artificial intelligence.

首要缘由——毋庸置疑——在于人工智能迅猛崛起

"We are scrutinizing artificial intelligence and how news organizations employand at times misemploythis technology," Roberts observed, "for they confront this nascent technology, which, while capable of curtailing expenditures, may also engender a multitude of perils if wielded improperly or contrary to ethical principles."

我们正在审视人工智能以及新闻机构如何运用乃至有时滥用这一技术,”罗伯茨指出,“因为他们面对这一新兴技术虽能节省开支,但若运用失当违背伦理亦会招致诸多隐患。”

Another issue concerns the very designation of "professional journalist."

另一个问题涉及“专业记者”这一称谓本身

In recent years, the number of independent so-called "creator-journalists" has surged dramatically.

近年来独立的所谓“创作者记者”数量激增

SPJ contends that they, too, should be subject to a set of guidelines.

SPJ认为他们同样应当有准则加以规范。

(As always, the code constitutes voluntary guidance, carrying no binding force.)

一如既往该准则自愿性指南并无强制约束力。)

A key objective is to address an existential crisis in the field: the sustained decline in public trust in the media.

一个关键目标化解该领域的一项生存危机公众对媒体信任的持续下降

"What we are addressing is a world that no longer places its trust in us as it once did," Roberts remarked.

我们所探讨的是一个不再像往昔那般信赖我们的世界,”罗伯茨如是说

"We speak of politicians and others who go to great lengths to disparage journalism, simply because it dares to expose their misdeeds.

我们谈及政客及其他人士他们无所不用其极地诋毁新闻业只因敢于揭露他们的过失

In the meantime, the commercial operating model of journalism has undergone a seismic financial transformation, with a third of journalists now no longer employed by traditional news organizations."

与此同时新闻业的商业运作模式在财务层面经历了翻天覆地的变革如今有三分之一的记者已不再供职于传统新闻机构。”

All this and more constitutes ample grounds for a reassessment,” he said, “and serves as a reminder that certain standards ought to remain the norm, irrespective of whether you call yourself a journalist or the type of platform you work on.

所有这些乃至更多都是重新审视的充分理由,”他说,“并提醒人们某些标准应当成为标准无论你是否自称记者,或你工作的平台类型如何

Founded in 1909, SPJ boasts approximately four thousand members nationwide.

SPJ创立于1909年在全国范围内拥有约四千名成员

In 1926, the organization adopted its inaugural code of professional ethics; subsequently, in 1948, it established an ethics committee and has since revised the code five timesthe most recent amendment occurring in 2014.

1926年该组织通过了首版职业道德准则随后于1948年设立道德委员会,并先后五次对准则进行修订——最后一次修订发生在2014年

Four enduring core principles: "Seek truth and report it." "Minimize harm." "Act independently." "Be accountable and transparent."

四项恒久不变核心准则:“探求真相如实报道。”“将伤害降至最低限度。”“秉持独立,不受羁绊。”“恪守责任保持透明。”

However, numerous other dimensions have undergone profound transformation.

然而诸多其他层面已发生深刻演变

The report annexed to the draft notes that, as the industry continues to contract, the number of positions in traditional newsrooms is steadily diminishing.

草案所附报告指出随着行业持续萎缩传统新闻编辑室的岗位数量正逐步缩减

Concurrently, the report asserts that the ranks of citizen journalists, freelance writers, online opinion leaders, and commentators have risen markedly.

与此同时报告称公民记者自由撰稿人网络意见领袖及评论员的人数显著攀升

Citing data from the Pew Research Center, the report indicates that in 2023, one-third of journalists were engaged in freelance or self-employed work.

报告援引皮尤研究中心的数据显示2023年有三分之一的记者从事自由职业或自雇工作

The report further notes that the presence of news media as a supervisory institution is steadily waning, and underscores that "individuals, organizations, and private investors lacking a background in journalism, upon acquiring or founding news outlets, not only steer the direction of news coverage and interfere with editorial decisions but also leverage these platforms to advance their personal agendas."

报告进一步指出作为监督机构的新闻媒体其存在感正日趋式微并强调那些缺乏新闻从业背景的个人组织私人投资者在收购或创办新闻机构后不仅左右新闻报道的走向干预编辑决策借此推动其个人议程。”

SPJ pointed out that the rapid proliferation of generative artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies in journalism and beyond has raised profound ethical concerns.

SPJ指出生成式人工智能及其他新兴技术在新闻领域乃至更广泛范围内的迅速普及引发了诸多伦理层面的深刻关切

Consequently, the newly added clause stipulates: "It must be borne in mind that neither speed, technology, nor medium can serve as an excuse for inaccuracy or bias.

因此新增条款阐明:“务必铭记速度技术或媒介皆不可成为失实或偏颇的托辞

Regardless of the tools and technologies employed, journalists must bear ethical responsibility for their work."

无论采用何种工具与技术记者均须对其工作承担伦理责任。”

In other words, ethical accountability ultimately rests with the journalists themselves, irrespective of whatever content artificial intelligence may generate.

换言之伦理责任终究系于记者自身无论人工智能可能生成何种内容

"We do not want people to use technology as an excuse, claiming they are unable to produce content in an ethical and transparent manner," Roberts remarked.

我们不希望人们以技术为托辞声称自己无法以合乎伦理且透明的方式制作内容,”罗伯茨如是说

However, the proposed draftwhich, after the current consultation period concludes, will be put to a vote before a broader membership in October of this yearmakes no explicit mention of artificial intelligence, referring only in general terms to tools and technologies, a move intended to ensure its continued relevance as technology evolves.

然而该拟议草案——在当前的征询意见期结束后将于今年十月交由更广泛的成员组织进行表决——并未明确提及人工智能仅笼统地涉及工具与技术此举旨在确保其能随技术演进而保持时效性

Furthermore, the draft encompasses a range of issues, including verification mechanisms, disinformation, crime reporting, and image manipulation.

此外草案还涵盖了核实机制虚假信息犯罪报道图像伪造一系列议题

A notable additionone that has also sparked considerable controversyis the phrase: "Maintain vigilance and courage toward those in power, holding them accountable. Oppose the unjust marginalisation of those with lesser power."

一个值得关注的补充——同样也是引发广泛争议的——是这句话:“对掌权者保持警惕与勇气追究其责任对抗那些权力较小者被不公正边缘化的现象。”

What is particularly intriguing is the content it has replaced.

耐人寻味的是它所取代的内容

The original wording was: "Speak up for the voiceless."

原文表述为:“为无声者发声。”

This phrasing was deemed problematic because it presupposes that certain groups lack the capacity to articulate their own concerns.

这一措辞之所以被视为不妥是因为它预设了某些群体缺乏发声能力

Committee member Eric Deggans pointed out, "The issue is not that they lack a platform to voice their concerns, but rather that mainstream news media often turn a blind eye to them, or are even entirely oblivious to their existence."

委员会成员埃里克·德甘斯指出:“问题并非在于他们缺乏发声渠道而在于主流新闻媒体往往对此视而不见甚至对其存在浑然不觉。”

"The point we are trying to make," Degans observed, who serves as an NPR commentator and a professor of media ethics at Washington and Lee University, "is that certain specific groups may be marginalized in news coverage... (journalists) ought to proactively include them in the scope of reporting in relevant contexts, particularly when doing so would enhance the precision of the narrative."

我们试图阐明的观点在于,”德甘斯指出他身兼NPR评论员华盛顿与李大学媒体伦理学教授之职,“某些特定群体在新闻报道中或许会遭到边缘化……(记者)理应在相关情境下主动将其纳入报道范畴尤其是在此举能够提升叙事精确度之时。”

Given the evolving landscape of the industry, one might pose a more overarching question: can a unified set of standards be universally applicable across all contexts?

鉴于行业格局的演变人们或许会提出一个更为宏观的疑问一套统一的准则能否普适于所有情境

Could it even gain widespread acceptance?

它甚至能否获得广泛认可

"We should not shy away from this fact," responded Chris Vaccaro, the current SPJ president, "merely because the industry is evolving, or the definition of a journalist is being reshaped."

我们不应回避这一事实,”现任SPJ主席克里斯·瓦卡罗回应道,“仅仅因为行业在演变记者的定义在重塑。”

Vaccaro is confident that this code, already translated into multiple languages, will be widely adhered to.

瓦卡罗确信这套已被译成多种语言准则必将为众多人士所遵循

He points out that the newsroom bulletin board has now extended to encompass the entire world.

指出新闻编辑室的公告板如今已延伸至整个世界

"We would hardly presume that no one is paying attention, or that no one cares, or that journalism has swollen to a state of insignificance," Vaccaro conceded.

我们自然不会臆断无人问津无人关切,亦或新闻业膨胀无足轻重之境,”瓦卡罗坦言

"Its impact is of paramount importance."

影响举足轻重。”

Degans noted that he teaches two ethics courses, both of which delve deeply into the SPJ Code of Ethics.

德甘斯表示他讲授两门伦理课程两者均深入研习SPJ准则

However, beyond nurturing young journalists, the code serves other critical purposes.

然而除培育青年记者外该准则尚具其他关键功用

"If you find yourself under prolonged authoritarian rule, or operating in a country lacking a deep-rooted tradition of press freedom, how do you navigate its workings?

倘若你身处长期威权统治之下,或在一个缺乏悠久新闻自由传统的国度运作你如何厘清其运作机制

You would inevitably turn to the SPJ Code, wouldn't you?"

你势必会求助于SPJ准则难道不是吗?”

Degans hopes that more practicing journalists will delve deeply into and adhere to the industry's code of ethics.

德甘斯期望更多在职记者能够深入研习恪守行业准则

Others added: "I sincerely hope that those at the helm of news organizations will take the time to read these guidelines closely, for all too often they push their staff toward unethical conduct, leaving employees to navigate a precarious balance between upholding journalistic integrity and meeting their employers' expectations, striving to reconcile the two."

还有其他人表示:“真心希望那些掌管新闻机构的人认真阅读这套准则因为太多时候他们迫使员工做出不道德的行为员工们则不得不坚守新闻伦理满足雇主期望之间艰难平衡力求兼顾两者。”

September 1st, 2026

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