Loading your language..
From "Letting Go" to "Looking Beyond": How General Motors Is Advancing Toward Autonomous Driving Through Simulation Technology

From "Letting Go" to "Looking Beyond": How General Motors Is Advancing Toward Autonomous Driving Through Simulation Technology

C1🇹🇼 中文 → 🇺🇸 English

October 12th, 2026

From "Letting Go" to "Looking Beyond": How General Motors Is Advancing Toward Autonomous Driving Through Simulation Technology

C1
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

At General Motors' Global Technical Center in Warren, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, hundreds of volunteer real-world drivers got behind the wheel of Cadillac Lyriq electric vehicles or other popular GM models, where they experienced a variety of scenarios, including ordinary road driving, uphill and downhill stretches, construction zones, rain, and nearby traffic.

在密西根州沃倫市、底特律郊區的通用汽車全球技術中心,數百名志願的真實駕駛員坐進凱迪拉克 Lyriq 電動車或其他熱門 GM 車款,並在車內體驗了各種情境,涵蓋一般道路行駛、上下坡、施工、下雨、附近車流等。

However, although the vehicles themselves are real, the world the drivers experience is not.

然而,雖然車輛本身是真實的,駕駛員所體驗的世界卻並非如此。

Instead, they are inside simulators; this is a 360-degree immersive environment in which every eye movement, heart stress, sweat response, and other reaction is measured across countless driving tests.

相反地,他們身處模擬器之中;這是一個 360 度沉浸式環境,他們每一次眼球移動、心臟壓力、出汗及其他反應,都會在無數駕駛測試中受到測量。

Here, GM tests both how drivers respond to the vehicle and the vehicle technology itself.

在這裡,GM 既測試駕駛人對車輛的反應,也同樣測試車輛技術本身。

This kind of simulated scenario is precisely how General Motors — as well as other car manufacturers — tests future versions of its advanced driver-assistance systems.

這種模擬情境,正是通用汽車——以及其他汽車製造商——用來測試其先進駕駛輔助系統未來版本的方式。

This technology, also known as ADAS, has so far made possible well-known vehicle features such as automatic emergency braking, blind-spot warning, lane-departure warning, lane-centering assistance, surround-view cameras, and driver-attention monitoring.

這項技術也稱為ADAS,迄今已能實現諸如自動緊急煞車、盲點警示、車道偏離警示、車道置中輔助、環景攝影、駕駛注意力監測等為人熟知的車輛功能。

These features allow drivers to "let go" at certain moments, especially on highways.

這些功能使駕駛人在特定時刻,尤其是在高速公路上,得以「放手」。

Car manufacturers anticipate that these systems will eventually advance to such a level that drivers can safely take their hands off the steering wheel and look away from the road.

汽車製造商預期,這些系統終將發展至如此先進的地步,以致駕駛人得以安全地將雙手撤離方向盤,並將視線自道路移開。

However, this race depends not only on the technology itself, but also on the rewards it brings, and those rewards are indeed considerable.

然而,這場競逐不僅取決於技術本身,更取決於其所帶來的回報,而回報著實相當可觀。

The car manufacturer that masters the most superior technology will be able to attract more consumers to subscribe to such features, thereby making autonomous driving a highly lucrative venture in the industry.

掌握最卓越技術的汽車製造商,將得以吸引更多消費者訂閱此類功能,從而使自動駕駛成為該產業中利潤豐厚的布局。

"Taking your eyes off the road is truly the turning point; consumers will be more willing to pay for this feature, because when you can look away, you may now genuinely be giving some time back to drivers, since they no longer have to keep their attention on the road," said Sam Abuelsamid, vice president of the market research firm Telemetry.

「視線移開確實是轉捩點,消費者會更願意為這項功能付費,因為當你能移開視線時,現在你真正可能是在把一些時間還給駕駛人,因為他們不必一直注意道路,」市調公司 Telemetry 副總裁 Sam Abuelsamid 表示。

"That is where they see the real value proposition."

「這就是他們看到真正價值主張的地方。」

General Motors has stated that its version will come to fruition in 2028, when the next generation of Super Cruise will be introduced on the Cadillac Escalade IQ, a luxury electric sport utility vehicle.

通用汽車表示,其版本將於 2028 年實現,屆時下一代 Super Cruise 將在凱迪拉克 Escalade IQ 豪華電動運動休旅車上推出。

Other automakers are also in hot pursuit.

其他車廠也緊追在後。

"2028 is a rough timeframe by which a whole cluster of companies are aiming to roll out systems like this that can operate at highway speeds," Abuelsamid added, "and that can function on a far broader variety of roads than many of the systems we see today."

「2028 年是一個大致的時間點,屆時會有一整群公司都瞄準推出像這樣能在高速公路速度下運作的系統,」Abuelsamid 補充道,「而且能在比我們今天看到的許多系統更廣泛多樣的道路上運作。」

Since 2017, GM has been selling vehicles equipped with Super Cruise, a hands-free driver-assistance system — note carefully, not autonomous driving — that can be used on more than 630,000 roads in the United States and Canada, with even more worldwide.

自 2017 年以來,GM 一直銷售搭載 Super Cruise 的車輛;這是一套放手式輔助駕駛系統——特別注意,不是自動駕駛——可在美國與加拿大超過 63 萬條道路上使用,全球還有更多道路。

"You can take your hands off the steering wheel and keep your eyes on the road, allowing you to safely enjoy a more relaxed driving experience on those roads and during your daily commute," said Tyson Becker, GM's executive director of autonomous vehicle strategy and products.

「你可以將雙手從方向盤上移開,並將視線保持在道路上,從而在那些道路上、在你日常通勤中,安全地享受更減壓的駕駛,」GM 自動駕駛車輛策略與產品執行總監 Tyson Becker 表示。

Today, more than 20 different models across GM's four major brands—Cadillac, GMC, Buick, and Chevrolet—already feature this technology.

如今,GM 旗下四大品牌——凱迪拉克、GMC、Buick 與 Chevrolet——已有超過 20 款不同車型配備這項技術。

The automaker plans to expand the number of models equipped with Super Cruise in the coming years, with the ultimate goal of introducing the next generation of Super Cruise—technology that allows safe "eyes-off" driving.

這家汽車製造商計劃在未來幾年擴大搭載 Super Cruise 的車型數量,最終目標是推出下一代 Super Cruise,也就是允許安全「視線移開」駕駛的技術。

"We're talking about a technology that is genuinely safe enough for you to take your eyes off the road while the system is operating and do other things in the cabin, whether that's looking at your phone, looking at a laptop, holding a meeting, or watching a movie," Becker added.

「我們談的是一項真正安全到足以讓你在系統運作時將視線移開道路,並在車艙內做其他事情的技術,無論是看手機、看筆電、開會、看電影,」Becker 補充道。

One of the most formidable challenges in developing autonomous driving technology lies in predicting the endless stream of unexpected situations on the road and enabling vehicles to respond accordingly in real time.

開發自動駕駛技術所面臨最嚴峻的挑戰之一,在於預測道路上層出不窮的突發情境,並使車輛得以即時做出相應的反應。

This could mean a dog, a deer, or even a child suddenly darting onto the road; a detour that the navigation app failed to anticipate, or a construction zone that appears out of nowhere.

這可能意味著一隻狗、一頭鹿,甚至一名孩童突然衝上道路;導航應用程式未能預見的繞道,或突然出現的施工區。

The driver — or, in this case, the technology — needs to be able to recognise that the environment ahead has changed and to respond in a safe manner.

駕駛人——或在這種情況下,是技術——需要能夠辨識出眼前環境已經改變,並以安全方式回應。

This is, to a large extent, precisely where simulation, combined with data collection and artificial intelligence, comes into play.

這在很大程度上正是模擬結合資料蒐集與人工智慧發揮作用的地方。

In GM's simulations, people with varying levels of driving experience take the driver's seat and are confronted with a vast array of computer-generated scenarios, spanning highway or city landscapes and populated with other "humans" and road signs.

在 GM 的模擬中,不同駕駛經驗的人坐上駕駛座,面對大量電腦生成的情境,涵蓋高速公路或城市景觀,並充滿其他「人類」與道路標誌。

"We sincerely hope to cover all the situations customers might encounter on the road," said Maureen August, a senior manager in GM's research and development division.

「我們真誠希望能涵蓋顧客在道路上可能遭遇的所有情況,」GM 研發部門資深經理 Maureen August 表示。

While participants drive in the simulator, GM observes key data points from a nearby control room, such as heart rate, stress, the driver's gaze direction, how long they fixate on a particular spot on the road, and how they pay attention to the road.

當參與者在模擬器中駕駛時,GM 會從附近的控制室觀察關鍵資料點,例如心率、壓力、駕駛人的視線方向、他們注視道路某一處的時間長短,以及他們如何注意道路。

To date, one of the most effective ways to assess whether a driver is paying attention is to invite them to play Candy Crush.

迄今為止,評估駕駛人注意力是否集中的最有效方法之一,便是邀請他們遊玩 Candy Crush。

"We found this to be remarkably effective in motivating people to engage with it and strive for the highest score," August said.

「我們發現,這對於促使人們投入其中並力求獲取最高分數而言,成效卓著,」August 表示。

"It's an excellent way for us to draw you in completely, only to then have to pull you away from a task."

「這是一種絕佳的方式,既能讓我們引導你全心投入,隨後又不得不將你從某項任務中抽離出來。」

After completing the drive, participants are asked how they felt, how they interpreted the system, and whether it was intuitive and easy to use.

參與者在駕駛完畢後,會被詢問其感受為何、如何詮釋該系統,以及該系統是否直覺易用。

Other factors GM observes include comfort, how convenient particular features are to use, whether drivers consider the system trustworthy, and how many seconds it takes for a driver to fully take over a moving vehicle.

GM 所觀察的其他因素尚包括舒適度、特定功能在使用上的便利程度、駕駛人是否認為該系統值得信賴,以及駕駛人需耗費多少秒方能完全接管一輛行進中的車輛。

"We want to make sure that you can respond effectively, and that we've given you enough advance warning to take over when you need to," August said.

「我們想確保你能有效回應,並確保我們已提前足夠時間給你警示,讓你在需要時能接管,」August 說。

"But we also want to make sure that if you feel comfortable and the vehicle is capable of handling things, you won't take over, and instead let the vehicle do what it's capable of doing."

「但我們也想確保,如果你感到舒適且車輛有能力處理,你不會接管,而是讓車輛去做它有能力做的事。」

To this day, hands-off technology has been widely deployed by numerous car manufacturers; among them, Ford's BlueCruise can be regarded as one of the better-known examples.

時至今日,放手式技術已獲眾多汽車製造商廣泛部署;其中,Ford 的 BlueCruise 堪稱較廣為人知的實例之一。

BlueCruise can be used on more than 130,000 miles of roads in parts of North America, in Ford vehicles equipped with the system.

BlueCruise 可在配備該系統的 Ford 車輛上,於北美部分逾 13 萬英里的道路上使用。

Tesla markets the technology in its vehicles under the name "Full Self-Driving", yet in practice it still relies on supervision by a human driver.

Tesla 將其車輛所搭載的技術冠以「Full Self-Driving」之名,然而實際上仍須仰賴人類駕駛的監督。

As for more advanced systems, no mass-produced passenger car currently features eyes-off technology — however, some technology companies have already begun offering commercial autonomous robotaxi services in certain cities.

至於更先進的系統,目前沒有任何量產乘用車具備視線移開技術——不過,一些科技公司已在特定城市提供自動駕駛商業 robotaxi 服務。

In recent years, several car companies have introduced far smaller-scale sophisticated light driving systems in limited markets, but these programs have been discontinued.

近年來,多家汽車公司曾在有限市場上推行規模小得多的精密輕型駕駛系統,但這些計劃已被中止。

Experts point out that, beyond the technical challenges, regulatory obstacles also remain.

專家指出,除了技術層面的挑戰之外,尚存在監管方面的障礙。

"To this day, there are actually very few regulations that specifically govern these systems," said Abuelsamid of Telemetry.

「時至今日,真正針對這些系統加以規範的法規其實寥寥可數,」Telemetry 的 Abuelsamid 表示。

"As a result, carmakers essentially seek approval state by state, which determines where they are able to deploy these systems."

「因此,汽車製造商基本上是逐州尋求批准,藉此決定他們得以在哪些地方部署這些系統。」

Therefore, he said, "It remains to be seen where GM will be able to offer its eyes-off system in 2028."

因此,他說,「GM 在 2028 年能在哪些地方提供其視線移開系統,仍有待觀察。」

Ultimately, carmakers are racing to develop more advanced technology, not only to make their vehicles more appealing but also to generate revenue through subscription fees that customers pay for in-car technology.

歸根究柢,汽車製造商正競相追求更先進的技術,這不僅是為了提升車輛的吸引力,也是為了透過顧客為車載技術支付的訂閱費獲取收益。

Abuelsamid said the competition centres on "offering enough convenience and safety that consumers are willing to pay a recurring fee to use it... so that drivers can do things like watch videos, read books, or send text messages — without having to keep their eyes on the road."

Abuelsamid 說,這場競爭的重點是「提供足夠的便利性與安全性,讓消費者願意支付經常性費用來使用它……這樣駕駛人就能做些像看影片、讀書、傳簡訊之類的事——而不必一直看著道路。」

Alexa St. John is a journalist who specialises in climate issues.

Alexa St. John 乃一位專司氣候議題之記者。

If you would like to follow her updates on the X platform, please follow: @alexa_stjohn.

若欲於 X 平台上關注其動態,敬請追蹤:@alexa_stjohn。

Should you wish to get in touch with her, you can contact her via [email protected].

倘有意與其取得聯繫,可經由 [email protected] 與她聯絡。

October 12th, 2026

Trending Articles

The Republican Party relies on farmers' votes, but a costly harvest season raises concerns, Trump heads to Kansas.

The Republican Party relies on farmers' votes, but a costly harvest season raises concerns, Trump heads to Kansas.

共和黨靠農民選票,但高昂收穫季引憂,川普赴堪薩斯

C1Oct 19
Musk promises to gift shares in his company SpaceX to "every child in America"

Musk promises to gift shares in his company SpaceX to "every child in America"

馬斯克承諾向其SpaceX股份贈予「美國每個孩子」

C1Oct 19
China's economy accelerated in the third quarter, driven by strong exports

China's economy accelerated in the third quarter, driven by strong exports

中國經濟第三季加速增長,受強勁出口推動

C1Oct 19
AI stocks drive Wall Street rebound, European markets fall amid protests

AI stocks drive Wall Street rebound, European markets fall amid protests

AI股推動華爾街反彈,歐洲市場因抗議下跌

C1Oct 19
US stocks hover near record highs as Wall Street closes mixed

US stocks hover near record highs as Wall Street closes mixed

美股徘徊於歷史新高 華爾街漲跌互現

C1Oct 12
EU sanctions nearly 1,600 individuals and companies over Russian drone and missile components

EU sanctions nearly 1,600 individuals and companies over Russian drone and missile components

歐盟制裁近1600名涉俄無人機與飛彈零件個人及企業

C1Oct 12
2 American economists win Nobel Prize for research on managing economic shocks

2 American economists win Nobel Prize for research on managing economic shocks

2位美國經濟學家因經濟衝擊管理研究獲諾貝爾獎

C1Oct 12
Inflation data brings good news; Wall Street is poised to close September on a bountiful note.

Inflation data brings good news; Wall Street is poised to close September on a bountiful note.

通膨數據報喜 華爾街9月有望豐收收場

C1Sep 30
Trump will announce a $54 billion South Korean investment in Alaska, where the Senate race is tight.

Trump will announce a $54 billion South Korean investment in Alaska, where the Senate race is tight.

川普將於阿拉斯加宣布南韓540億美元投資,該州參議院選情緊繃

C1Sep 30