May 23rd, 2025
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La reciente designación de Trump para el puesto de Cirujano General ha suscitado controversia tras la publicación de un libro en el que aboga por la consideración de terapias con psicodélicos no contrastados; además, en un boletín informativo, sugirió que su propia experiencia con hongos alucinógenos facilitó el encuentro de una pareja sentimental.
Dr. Casey Means' recommendation to consider guided psilocybin-assisted therapy is particularly noteworthy given the federal illegality of psilocybin, classified as a Schedule I drug, defined as a substance with "no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse," despite Oregon and Colorado having legalized psychedelic therapy, albeit with subsequent prohibitions in several Oregonian cities.
La función del Cirujano General es facilitar a la ciudadanía estadounidense la información científica más puntera para optimizar su salud y minimizar el riesgo de patologías y traumatismos. Predecesores en el cargo han aprovechado esta plataforma para concienciar a la sociedad sobre problemáticas sanitarias acuciantes, como el SIDA y la prevención del suicidio. Sin ir más lejos, la advertencia emitida en 1964 por el Cirujano General sobre los perniciosos efectos del tabaco supuso un punto de inflexión en la salud pública estadounidense.
Figures such as Dr. C. Everett Koop, Surgeon General under Ronald Reagan, achieved considerable renown and exerted a tangible influence on policy-making, whereas others remained largely obscure.
Means's nomination exemplifies a recurring pattern under Trump, where public image appears to supersede political alignment in personnel selections. In Means's specific instance, the Republican president purportedly justified his choice solely on the endorsement of Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., stating, "Bobby thought she was fantastic," while conceding he lacked any prior acquaintance with her.
Means, a Stanford University alumnus with degrees in both arts and medicine, commenced a medical residency in Oregon, which he ultimately abandoned. His medical license is currently listed as inactive. Reached by telephone, Means declined to issue any formal statement.
In his 2024 book, "Good Energy," co-authored with his brother Calley Means—an entrepreneur currently advising the Trump administration on health matters and who has disclosed investments in psychedelic bio-pharmaceutical companies—he advocated for the use of psychedelics.
The book dedicates considerable attention to metabolic health, or what Casey Means terms "optimal energy," proposing strategies to enable individuals to effectively manage and even reverse stressors, traumas, and limiting thought patterns that undermine metabolic well-being and overall health.
One such strategy involves exploring psilocybin-assisted therapy, referencing the active compound found in psychedelic mushrooms, a subject he elaborates upon in a comprehensive 750-word exposition.
"Should you perceive a calling, I would further encourage you to investigate intentional and guided psilocybin therapy," she penned. "Substantial scientific evidence intimates that this psychedelic intervention can represent one of life's most profoundly meaningful experiences for certain individuals, as it has demonstrably proven to be for myself."
Si bien ciertos estudios preliminares insinúan posibles beneficios derivados del uso de psicodélicos, no existe evidencia concluyente que respalde su superioridad frente a los riesgos inherentes. La psilocibina, en particular, puede inducir episodios alucinatorios prolongados, cuya naturaleza oscila entre lo eufórico y lo terrorífico. Aunque su aplicación, en conjunción con la terapia verbal, ha sido objeto de estudio en el tratamiento de diversas afecciones psiquiátricas y del alcoholismo, la investigación en individuos sanos permanece en una fase incipiente. Los efectos adversos potenciales abarcan desde taquicardia y náuseas hasta cefaleas persistentes. El consumo no supervisado entraña peligros significativos, dado que las alucinaciones podrían comprometer el juicio del individuo, exponiéndolo a situaciones de riesgo como transitar por zonas de tráfico intenso o incurrir en comportamientos temerarios.
Means postuló que la psilocibina y otros psicodélicos han sufrido una estigmatización infundada, al tiempo que subrayó el potencial terapéutico del MDMA, popularmente conocido como éxtasis o "molly", en el tratamiento del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). No obstante, la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos (FDA) denegó el año pasado la aprobación del MDMA como terapia para el TEPT, tras la evaluación desfavorable de un panel de asesores que identificó deficiencias metodológicas en la investigación y riesgos sustanciales asociados a su administración.
Means, in her publication, alludes to psychedelics as "botanical remedies," recounting her initial experience with psilocybin mushrooms around January 1st, 2021, prompted by what she describes as an internal premonition, a subtle "voice" urging her towards self-preparation.
"She wrote of feeling integrated into an infinite, unbroken chain of cosmic Matryoshka dolls, encompassing millions of mothers and infants throughout the entire history of life, adding that, in her experience, 'psilocybin can act as a portal to an alternate reality, unburdened by the restrictive confines of ego, emotions, and personal narrative.'"
En un boletín informativo publicado en octubre, Means declaró haber recurrido a psicodélicos con el objetivo de "generar la introspección necesaria para encontrar el amor a los 35 años". En su escrito, detalló sus "experiencias con medicina ancestral bajo la supervisión de guías experimentados" como preparación para una relación sentimental, añadiendo un emoji de hongo a modo de apostilla. No obstante, matizó que su intención no era instar a otros a seguir sus pasos.
In a recent op-ed outlining her aspirations for White House health policies, Means advocated for improved nutritional standards in schools, proposed the implementation of warning labels on ultra-processed foods, urged further investigation into vaccine safety, and suggested the eradication of conflicts of interest; while she did not explicitly address psychedelics, she alluded to the lack of incentives for researchers to explore "generic, naturally derived, and non-patentable drugs and therapies," and posited that a proportion of research funding should be allocated to alternative approaches to healthcare.
Calley Means ha abogado abiertamente por el consumo de sustancias psicodélicas, declarando en una entrada de blog de 2021 que su primera experiencia con la psilocibina, durante un periodo vital particularmente desafiante, resultó ser "la experiencia más trascendental de mi vida, tanto a nivel personal como profesional y espiritual". En 2022, reveló haber liquidado la totalidad de su plan de pensiones 401k para invertir en acciones de dos empresas dedicadas a la investigación y el desarrollo de psicodélicos. No obstante, permaneció incontactable ante las solicitudes de comentarios.
The confirmation hearing for Casey Means remains unscheduled, her nomination arising after the prior candidate for Surgeon General, former Fox News medical contributor Janette Nesheiwat, faced scrutiny regarding her credentials, ultimately leading to the withdrawal of her nomination.
May 23rd, 2025
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