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Trump demanded that pharmaceutical companies lower drug prices within 30 days and signed an executive order.

Trump demanded that pharmaceutical companies lower drug prices within 30 days and signed an executive order.

C1zh-Hansen-US

May 15th, 2025

Trump demanded that pharmaceutical companies lower drug prices within 30 days and signed an executive order.

C1
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

en-US

U.S.
美国
President
总统
Donald
唐纳德
Trump
特朗普
on
在…(某日)
Monday
星期一
signed
签署
a
一个
significant
重要的,显著的
executive
行政的;执行的
order
命令
requiring
需要
pharmaceutical
制药的
companies
公司
to
到;去;往
voluntarily
自愿地
lower
更低的
drug
毒品
prices
价格
in
the
這, 那, 這個, ...
United
联合的
States
合众国;州
within
在…里面
30
三十
days.
天;日子
Should
如果
they
他们
fail
失败
to
到;去;往
comply,
遵从;符合;服从
the
這, 那, 這個, ...
government
政府
may
可能
potentially
可能地
impose
强加
restrictions
限制
on
在…(某日)
drug
毒品
prices
价格
in
the
這, 那, 這個, ...
future.
未来
This
這,這個
order
命令
mandates
强制执行;要求
that
那个,那种
the
這, 那, 這個, ...
Department
司/部/处
of

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zh-Hans

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周一签署了一项重要的命令,要求药品公司在30天内主动降低在美国的药品价格。如果他们不这样做,政府将来可能会限制药品价格。

这项命令要求由小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪负责的卫生部门在一个月内推动制定新的药品价格。如果不能达成协议,肯尼迪将负责制定一项新规定,让美国支付的药品价格与其他国家支付的较低价格保持一致。

特朗普在周一上午的新闻发布会上声称:“我们会达到一个平衡点,大家都将支付相同的价钱,也就是欧洲现在支付的价格。”

这位共和党总统的行政命令,将如何影响数百万拥有私人健康保险的美国人,目前尚不明朗。毕竟,联邦政府在决定Medicare和Medicaid药物支付价格方面掌握着主导权。

在共和党控制的众议院公布削减八千八百亿美元医疗补助(Medicaid)的新方案后不久,特朗普承诺在药价方面实现新的、但具体尚不明的节省。

代表美国顶尖制药企业的全国性制药游说团体立刻对特朗普的命令表示反对,认为这对于美国患者而言是一笔“不划算的交易”。药品制造商长期以来都主张,任何可能威胁其利润的行为,都可能会影响他们在研发新药上的投资。

美国制药研究与制造商协会的负责人斯蒂芬·J·乌布尔说:“从其他国家学习药品定价方法,对美国病人不好,对美国的制药工人也不好。这样做会减少新的治疗方法,也可能影响我们公司在美国投资很多钱的计划。”

特朗普推动的“最惠国”Medicare药品定价方案,自其首次提出以来便争议不断。他在卸任前签署的一项行政命令,旨在迫使美国医疗体系对部分医生处方药,特别是注射或输液治疗的抗癌药物,支付与其他国家相同的低廉价格。

这个范围有限的行政令面临重重阻碍,其规定已在乔·拜登政府时期被法院裁定暂缓生效。制药业认为,特朗普在2020年的尝试将赋予外国政府在决定美国药品价值时更大的话语权。

在周一白宫的一场重要演讲中,特朗普总统多次维护制药行业的立场,同时指责其他国家导致美国药品价格居高不下。总统身旁站着医疗领域的知名人士,包括Medicare和Medicaid服务中心主任、食品药品监督管理局局长以及国立卫生研究院院长。

然而,他扬言要就这些公司的行为展开联邦调查,并开放美国药品市场,以引入更多来自其他国家的进口药品。

特朗普指出,多数制药公司的利润主要源自美国市场,认为这种状况并不理想。

特朗普周末积极宣传这一消息,并在帖文中声称他的计划能节省“数万亿美元”。

然而,白宫周一未能提供有关政府预计能节省多少开支的具体信息。

Oz周一宣布,未来30天内,卫生部门最高官员将与药品公司高层进行会谈,旨在参考其他国家已支付的价格,协商并制定新的药品价格。

华盛顿大学的健康法律专家Rachel Sachs认为,这项命令不太可能立即缓解美国药品价格上涨的难题。

萨克斯指出:“从表面上看,这项计划似乎寄希望于制药商自愿降价,但具体降多少则不得而知。若降价幅度未能达到预期,卫生与公共服务部将在漫长的时间表内采取其他干预手段,其中一些措施或许能在未来数年内促使药价下调。”

卫生部拥有调整Medicare和Medicaid药品报销价格的最终决定权,通过制定相关规定来实现,但实际执行该权力的能力受到限制。国会近期于2022年通过立法,授权Medicare自2026年起就部分处方药价格进行谈判,这改变了此前Medicare直接按药企定价支付的做法。药企曾对此法律的执行提起诉讼,但未能阻止其生效。

该机构更难掌控数百万拥有私人保险的美国人所支付的药价。

与其他富裕大国相比,美国在药品价格上的花费通常更多。这个问题让两大政党都很生气,但国会一直没有通过一个长期的解决办法。

特朗普在其首个任期内执政时,曾严厉批评制药公司,指责它们“不受约束”,并抱怨那些药品价格由政府决定的国家正在“占美国人的便宜”。

特朗普再次在社交媒体上夸大其词,宣称“制药公司多年来一直声称其研发费用,这些费用都是毫无理由地由美国人独自承担”,然后才正式宣布相关政策。

谈到制药公司强大的游说活动时,他声称竞选捐款“能产生巨大影响,但对我以及共和党不起作用。”

他在文中写道:“我们将秉持公正,行事得当。”

周一上午,多家制药公司的股价均呈上扬趋势。其中,默克公司因其癌症治疗药物Keytruda去年带来了642亿美元的收入,股价上涨了3.9%。药业巨头辉瑞公司尽管2024年营收为636亿美元,股价也录得了2.5%的涨幅。此外,吉利德科学公司的股价更是大幅上扬了5.8%。

May 15th, 2025

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