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In an era of instant answers, educators are justified in advocating that children should struggle to an appropriate degree.

In an era of instant answers, educators are justified in advocating that children should struggle to an appropriate degree.

C1🇹🇼 中文🇺🇸 English

September 11th, 2026

In an era of instant answers, educators are justified in advocating that children should struggle to an appropriate degree.

C1
Please note: This article has been simplified for language learning purposes. Some context and nuance from the original text may have been modified or removed.

🇺🇸 English

When a child forgets to bring lunch, is at a loss in front of a math problem, or has no idea about the route to a certain place, a parent's instinct may be to step in immediately.

當孩子忘卻攜帶午餐於數學題目前束手無策,抑或對前往某個地方的路徑茫然無所知時,父母的本能或許是即刻介入

However, sometimes the problem itself is an opportunity.

然而有時候問題本身即是一個契機

Developmental experts and educators say that children need opportunities to cope with everyday problems, because figuring things out for themselves is a skill that must be practised.

發展專家與教育工作者表示,孩子需要機會去應對日常問題,因為自己想辦法解決是一種必須練習的技能。

For parents, the challenge lies in knowing when to help and when to step back.

對父母而言挑戰在於知道何時該幫忙何時該退一步

There is a difference between helping a child navigate a difficult situation and removing the problem before the child has had a chance to try.

幫助孩子度過困難處境在孩子有機會嘗試之前就先把問題移除兩者有所不同

In an era when answers or AI-generated assistance can be obtained within seconds, giving children the space to figure things out for themselves can be difficult to achieve.

在答案或AI生成的協助可能幾秒鐘就能取得的時代,給孩子空間自己弄清楚事情可能很難做到

What independence looks like depends on a child's age, abilities, and circumstances; however, experts point out that it involves learning to plan, make decisions, solve problems, recover from mistakes, and figure out what to do next.

獨立的樣貌取決於孩子的年齡能力所處情況然而專家指出這意味著學習規劃做決定解決問題從錯誤中恢復,以及釐清下一步該怎麼做

The following is what experts say about how parents can give their children more opportunities to practise these skills.

以下是專家所說父母可以如何為孩子提供更多機會練習這些技能

This article is part of the Associated Press's "Be Well" series, which focuses on areas such as health, fitness, diet, and mental health.

本文隸屬於美聯社「Be Well」系列報導該系列聚焦於健康健身飲食心理健康等領域

For more "Be Well" coverage, please refer to the related content.

欲閱讀更多「Be Well」報導請參閱相關內容

Children today have unprecedented access to information, and technology has given parents more ways to monitor their children's lives.

孩子們如今能前所未有地獲取資訊科技也讓父母有更多方法監控孩子的生活

They can track their children's location, check grades in real time, and email teachers instantly.

他們可以追蹤孩子的位置、即時查看成績,並立刻寄電子郵件給老師

This means parents can step in before their children even realise a problem exists, let alone come up with solutions on their own.

這表示父母能在孩子意識到問題存在之前就介入更不用說讓孩子自己想出解決辦法了。

Dr. Dana Suskind, a professor of surgery and pediatrics at the University of Chicago and the author of the book "Human Raised," says that this convenience has its drawbacks.

芝加哥大學外科學與小兒科教授達娜·蘇斯金德博士,亦即《人類教養》(Human Raised)一書的作者,表示這種便利性存在其缺點。

Suskind says, "I think the most important thing we can give a child is not the answer, but the experience of figuring it out for themselves."

蘇斯金德說:「我認為我們能給孩子最重要的東西不是答案而是自己想清楚的經驗。」

She says that when parents step in right away, children are deprived of the chance to practise skills such as pausing before acting, remembering what has worked in the past, and trying out new solutions.

她說當父母立刻插手時孩子就被剝奪了練習技能的機會例如行動前先停下來記住過去什麼方法有效以及嘗試新的解決辦法

Dr. Stephanie Carlson, director of the Institute of Child Development at the University of Minnesota, says that if children rarely have to struggle, it can lead to severe anxiety when they have to figure something out on their own.

明尼蘇達大學兒童發展研究所所長史蒂芬妮·卡爾森博士表示孩子鮮少需要掙扎當他們必須自行釐清某件事時,便可能導致嚴重焦慮

When genuine danger is imminent, parents should step in and intervene; however, when the risk is relatively low, they can slow down and work out solutions to the problem together with their child.

當真正危險迫在眉睫時父母理應介入干預然而當風險相對較低時他們則可以放緩腳步與孩子共同商討問題的解決之道

This may mean asking your child open-ended questions: What do you think?

或許意味著向孩子提出開放式問題你覺得呢

What might happen?

可能會發生什麼

How will you solve it?

你要怎麼解決

What else could you try?

還能什麼

Experts point out that allowing children to experience emotions such as boredom, frustration, impatience, or tension can actually enhance their learning and lay a more solid foundation for their adult lives.

專家指出,讓孩子體驗無聊、挫折、不耐煩或緊張等情緒,實際上能夠促進其學習,並使他們為成年生活奠定更為穩固的基礎。

Crystal Hoffman, the executive director of the National Children's Museum in Washington, D.C., points out that boredom not only sparks creativity and play, but also helps children develop confidence and resilience.

華盛頓特區國家兒童博物館執行長基琳·霍夫曼指出,無聊不僅能激發創造力與遊戲,亦有助於孩子培養自信與韌性。

In her book "10 Rules for Raising Kids in a High-Tech World," psychologist Dr. Jean Twenge writes that children and adolescents have fewer opportunities than previous generations to spend time with friends, move around on their own, and make decisions beyond the watchful eyes of adults.

心理學家珍·特溫格博士在《在高科技世界養育孩子的10條規則》中寫道兒童與青少年比前幾代人更少有機會與朋友相處自行到處行動以及在成人監視目光之外做決定

She writes that by the twelfth grade of high school, fewer teenagers have a driver's license, go on dates, or hold a paying job than in previous generations.

她寫道到了高中十二年級擁有駕照約會或有支薪工作的青少年,比前幾代人更少。

Parents do not need to deliberately engineer situations so that their children can learn how to cope with them.

父母無須刻意營造情境好讓孩子從中學習應對之道

Experts point out that everyday tasks in themselves naturally offer children opportunities to practise acting independently.

專家指出日常任務本身便會自然而然地為孩子提供練習自主行動的契機

Nicole North, who lives in Flagstaff, Arizona, is raising two teenage girls, and she began guiding them toward making small everyday decisions when they were still young.

亞利桑那州弗拉格斯塔夫的妮可·諾斯育有兩名青少女早在女兒年幼時她便開始引導她們做出日常的小決定

For example, when they were five years old, she would give each of them five dollars and have them work out in the store which items they could afford, taking taxes and discounts into account as well.

舉例而言當她們5歲時她會給每人5美元讓她們在店裡計算自己買得起哪些商品並將稅金與折扣一併納入考量

Now that they have reached their teenage years, they do the grocery shopping on their own, and her eldest child is even learning to manage a credit card of her own.

如今她們已步入青少年階段會自行採買雜貨而她最大的孩子更正在學習管理自己的信用卡

As the mother of four daughters in Chicago, Jamia Cunningham-Elder has come to realize that there is no fixed age at which a child should be expected to do something independently.

身為芝加哥四個女兒的母親潔米亞·坎寧安-艾爾德體認到孩子何時該被期待獨立完成某件事並沒有固定的年齡

She observes what each child can handle, then gives them a little more freedom and sees what happens.

她會觀察每個孩子能處理什麼,然後給他們多一點自由並看看會發生什麼

If they demonstrate the capacity to handle it, they consequently gain broader autonomy.

倘若他們具備應對的能力便會因此獲取更廣泛的自主權

And when they encounter obstacles, she regards it either as a valuable learning opportunity or as a sign that they are not yet ready.

而當他們遭遇阻礙時,會將視為一次寶貴的學習契機抑或是他們尚未準備就緒徵兆

This approach also acknowledges a key point: independence does not mean that you have to do everything on your own.

這種做法也承認一個要點:獨立並不表示什麼都得自己一個人做。

When a child realizes they don't know how to solve a math problem and turns to the teacher for help, this too is a way of practicing independence.

當孩子察覺自己不知如何解數學題進而向老師求助這同樣是在練習獨立

The same applies to children who forget to do their homework but manage to find the information on their own, rather than having their parents call the teacher.

至於那些忘記寫作業卻懂得自行設法尋找資訊而非讓父母打電話給老師的孩子,亦是如此。

The same approach is not universally applicable; parents must carefully weigh numerous factors, including safety, maturity, and the environment in which they live.

同樣的做法並非放諸四海皆準父母必須審慎權衡安全成熟度以及所處環境諸多因素

Caroline Chirichella, now 37, lives in the Campania region of southern Italy, and she has always tried to give her eight-year-old daughter Lucia a broader degree of freedom.

現年37歲的卡洛琳·奇里切拉居住在義大利南部的坎帕尼亞地區她始終試圖賦予8歲女兒露西亞更廣泛的自由

However, out of concern about the traffic conditions on the streets, she is hesitant about whether to let her daughter stay out alone with friends.

然而出於對街道交通狀況的憂慮對於是否讓女兒獨自與朋友在外逗留一事躊躇不決

Beyond that, there are also a number of situations in which the risks are relatively low.

除此之外,尚存在若干風險相對較低的情境。

Chirichella said that whenever Lucia forgot to pick up her pen and finish her homework, she and her husband eventually stopped calling other parents or teachers.

奇里切拉表示每當露西亞忘卻提筆完成作業之際,她與丈夫最終不再致電其他家長或老師

She told her daughter, "Your homework is your responsibility."

她向女兒說道:「你的作業是你的責任。」

The journalist's education reporting received financial support from several private foundations.

記者的教育報導接受了多家私人基金會財務資助

The Associated Press assumes full responsibility for all content.

美聯社對所有內容承擔全部責任

Information about the standards the Associated Press follows in its collaborations with philanthropic organizations, the list of supporters, and the areas of funded coverage can all be found at AP.org.

有關美聯社與慈善機構合作所遵循的標準、支持者名單以及受資助報導領域的資訊,均可在AP.org查閱

September 11th, 2026

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