May 9th, 2025
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As widely anticipated, the US stock market saw a modest rise on Wednesday following the Federal Reserve's decision to maintain key interest rates, though the central bank simultaneously cautioned about increasing risks to the American economy.
The S&P 500 staged a recovery following two days of losses that had broken a nine-day winning streak, closing up 0.4%; concurrently, the Dow Jones Industrial Average advanced by 284 points, equating to a 0.7% gain, while the Nasdaq Composite Index saw a 0.3% increase.
市場は一日を通して大きく変動しました。米国と中国が世界経済を守るための貿易協定に向けて動き出したことで、一時的にダウ平均株価が400ポイントも上昇する場面もありました。しかし、この二つの大国がお互いの商品に関税をかけ合う貿易戦争を続けているため、自由な貿易ができなくなると景気が悪くなるのではないかと心配されています。
今週末、スイスで米中高官が話し合うことが発表され、良い結果への期待が高まりました。しかし、トランプ大統領が中国からの輸入品にかかる145%の関税を交渉のために下げないと言ったことで、その期待は少し弱まりました。中国は話し合いを始める前にこの関税を下げてほしいと求めていたので、今回の会談はそのための機会だと考えられていました。
関税に関する時折の不確実性は、関税を避けるための大量輸入の急増など、アメリカ経済に大きな変化をもたらしました。このような変化や、将来についてアメリカの家庭がより悲観的になっているという調査結果があるにもかかわらず、連邦準備制度理事会は現在、経済が「堅調に推移している」と評価しています。
ジェローム・パウエルFRB議長は、トランプ大統領が経済を良くするために早く金利を下げるよう求めているけれど、今の状況ではFRBは金利についてすぐには決めなくてもいい時間があると言いました。「まだよく分からないことがたくさんあります」とパウエルは言いました。だから、FRBはウォール街や世界の市場と同じように、トランプの貿易の問題がどうなるか、そして思っていたより厳しい関税が予定通り始まるのかを見ています。
Powell remarked that trade disputes were notably entering a "new phase," indicating that the United States was intensifying its trade negotiations with other countries.
It is noteworthy that the Federal Reserve (FRB) recognizes the escalating risks posed by tariffs to the economy. Tariffs have the potential to undermine the job market and fuel inflation. Powell stated that "if significant tariff increases persist, they could lead to higher inflation, slower economic growth, and consequently, increased unemployment."
This could potentially lead to a scenario known as "stagflation," where the economy stagnates while maintaining a high rate of inflation. This combination presents a significant challenge for the Federal Reserve as their typical policy tools become less effective; for instance, lowering interest rates to stimulate the economy and employment could exacerbate inflation, whereas raising rates to curb inflation could cool economic activity excessively.
Concurrently, major US corporations have demonstrated robust performance, exceeding analyst expectations and achieving significant profit growth projected into early 2025. Walt Disney Company, for instance, considerably surpassed analyst profit targets, raised earnings forecasts, and added over a million streaming subscribers, which propelled its stock price up by 10.8%.
However, companies persist in cautioning that the prevailing economic uncertainty is rendering their financial projections unstable. For instance, semiconductor manufacturer Marvell Technology saw its stock price decline by 8% after postponing its investor briefing from June to an indefinite date, citing the economic climate's ambiguity.
Overall, the S&P 500 saw an increase of 24.37 points, closing at 5,631.28, while the Dow Jones Industrial Average advanced by 284.97 points to reach 41,113.97, and the Nasdaq Composite climbed by 48.50 points, finishing at 17,738.16.
Following the Federal Reserve's announcement, yields on US Treasury bonds declined in the bond market, with the yield on the 10-year Treasury note falling from 4.30% late Tuesday to 4.27%.
欧州市場が概ね下落したのに対し、アジア市場は上昇基調を示した。特に香港の指数は0.1%、上海は0.8%の上昇を記録した。中国政府は経済及び市場を下支えするため、金利引き下げを含む一連の措置を講じているものの、トランプ政権が課した高関税が中国の輸出に依然として影響を及ぼしている状況である。
May 9th, 2025
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