May 9th, 2025
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According to two American officials, President Donald Trump intends to declare during his forthcoming visit to Saudi Arabia next week that the nomenclature employed by the United States for the body of water previously known as the Persian Gulf will henceforth be the Arabian Gulf or the Gulf of Arabia.
Arab polities have advocated a toponymic revision concerning the aqueous expanse contiguous to the southern Iranian littoral, whereas Iran has steadfastly asserted its historical claim to the gulf.
The two U.S. functionaries conversed with The Associated Press on Tuesday under the rubric of anonymity to deliberate upon the subject. The White House and National Security Council did not instantaneously furnish a rejoinder to missives soliciting commentary.
The appellation "Persian Gulf" has enjoyed broad currency since the sixteenth century, despite the prevalence of "Gulf of Arabia" and "Arabian Gulf" in numerous Middle Eastern polities; in 2012, the Iranian government (erstwhile Persia) menaced legal action against Google consequent to the corporation's determination to omit any designation for the hydrographic feature on its cartographical representations.
Within the American cartographic landscape, Google Maps presents the contentious waterway as the Persian Gulf (Arabian Gulf), whereas Apple Maps definitively designates it exclusively as the Persian Gulf.
For a considerable period, the United States Armed Forces have evinced a predilection for unilaterally designating the Persian Gulf as the Arabian Gulf in official pronouncements and disseminated visual content.
The nomenclature of the hydrological basin has become a charged affair for Iranians, particularly those who identify strongly with the nation’s venerable history as the Persian Empire. A controversy emerged in 2017 during the initial year of the Trump presidency when he employed the appellation "Arabian Gulf" for the channel, prompting Iran's then-president, Hassan Rouhani, to suggest that Trump would benefit from an intensive "study of geography."
Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif posited online at the time that the transactional nature of Trump's affiliations extended beyond personal amities to encompass his geopolitical spatial awareness.
On Wednesday, Iran's incumbent foreign minister likewise proffered an opinion, positing that the nomenclature of Middle Eastern waterways neither signifies proprietary claims by any singular nation nor underscores a shared reverence for humanity's collective legacy.
“Politically charged endeavours to refashion the historically entrenched appellation of the Persian Gulf betoken adversarial designs upon Iran and its populace, and are unequivocally denounced,” penned Abbas Araghchi on the social platform X.
Any precipitate measure taken in this regard will be devoid of all legitimacy and legal or geographical efficacy, serving solely to ignite the collective ire of Iranians from every stratum of society and political inclination, both domestically and within the diaspora.
While Trump possesses the prerogative to unilaterally alter the official nomenclature for the entity in question within the jurisdictional ambit of the United States, his authority does not extend to dictating the appellation employed by the broader international community.
The International Hydrographic Organization – a constituent body of which the United States is a member – undertakes to ensure the uniform surveying and charting of all the world’s seas, oceans, and navigable waters, and is further tasked with their nomenclature; nevertheless, divergences persist whereby nations designate the same hydrographic entities or landmarks with distinct appellations within their respective documentation.
Beyond Saudi Arabia, Trump's itinerary encompasses sojourns in Doha, Qatar, and Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, both situated on the same expanse of water. Initially conceived as his inaugural overseas excursion following his January 20th assumption of office, this journey transpires amidst Trump's discernible efforts to forge closer ties with the Gulf states, ostensibly driven by a pursuit of their financial investments within the U.S. and their backing in regional conflicts, including the resolution of the Israel-Hamas imbroglio in Gaza and the circumscription of Iran's burgeoning nuclear programme.
The pecuniary entanglements of the U.S. president with the aforementioned nations are substantial, stemming from his personal enterprises, the ownership of which he has preserved throughout his tenure in the Oval Office.
This diplomatic manoeuvre transpires several months subsequent to Trump's pronouncement that the United States would henceforth designate the Gulf of Mexico as the Gulf of America.
Earlier this year, the Associated Press commenced legal proceedings against the Trump administration subsequent to the White House's decision to prohibit their journalists from accessing the majority of events, a consequence of the organization's non-compliance with the president's executive order mandating the re-designation of the Gulf of Mexico as the "Gulf of America" for domestic purposes.
Last month, U.S. District Judge Trevor N. McFadden, a jurisprudential selection of President Donald Trump, adjudicated that the First Amendment insulates the Associated Press from governmental reprisal pertaining to its lexis, and decreed the re-establishment of the news outlet's access privileges.
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