China said on Friday it plans to limit or ban exports of 40 technologies.

These include artificial intelligence, chips and solar power.

The Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology published a draft document.

The document has the proposed updates.

A commerce ministry spokesperson said the move was "necessary."

The spokesperson cited national security as one reason.

The proposal came at the same time as China and the U.S. made progress in talks.

The talks were on AI safety and governance.

Twenty-three AI technologies are on the list.

They go from advanced large models to agents.

Exports of core technologies for AI large models would be prohibited.

These models are trained on sensitive national data.

AI agents for highly sensitive settings would also be prohibited.

These settings include national defense and critical information infrastructure.

The commerce ministry said the measures aim to reinforce the security bottom line.

They also aim to prevent misuse and abuse.

And they aim to keep AI under human control.

Exports of AI models with 2 trillion or more parameters could be restricted.

Models with certain world-leading capabilities could also be restricted.

The proposal did not name specific models.

Several chip design technologies are also included.

These include some for AI processing chips and memory chips.

Twelve solar power technologies are on the list.

These include technologies for making polysilicon.

Five biomedicine technologies are also included.

These include technologies related to cell and gene therapy.

Lian Jye Su is a chief analyst at Omdia.

He said the move can be seen as a response to Western countries.

Those countries are posting sovereignty requirements on AI, robotics and telecommunications.

He believes the aim is to better regulate access to Chinese technologies.

Gary Ng is a senior economist at Natixis.

He said AI is increasingly strategic for both China and the U.S.

He said the world is getting more fragmented in trade and investment.

It is also more fragmented in access to technologies.